1 00:00:27,569 --> 00:00:30,030 [narrator] Nearly six years after invading Gaul, 2 00:00:30,739 --> 00:00:34,034 Julius Caesar has just one territory left to conquer 3 00:00:34,117 --> 00:00:37,037 before he can return to Rome and claim his glory... 4 00:00:37,996 --> 00:00:38,913 Alesia. 5 00:00:41,666 --> 00:00:43,251 He builds a wall, 6 00:00:43,710 --> 00:00:46,421 trapping 60,000 Gauls inside 7 00:00:46,880 --> 00:00:50,050 led by their general Vercingetorix. 8 00:00:52,260 --> 00:00:55,096 Less than a mile away, behind a second wall, 9 00:00:55,764 --> 00:01:00,268 are 120,000 soldiers from different tribes across Gaul. 10 00:01:04,939 --> 00:01:09,360 If Caesar and his army of 60,000 men can't defend the walls... 11 00:01:10,111 --> 00:01:11,946 Caesar will lose everything. 12 00:01:19,537 --> 00:01:20,997 [Antony] Get to positions! 13 00:01:37,764 --> 00:01:39,766 [yelling] 14 00:01:47,816 --> 00:01:49,025 [horn blows] 15 00:01:55,657 --> 00:01:57,659 Archers, nock! 16 00:02:00,829 --> 00:02:01,788 Draw! 17 00:02:03,331 --> 00:02:04,165 Release! 18 00:02:10,171 --> 00:02:11,089 Draw! 19 00:02:13,049 --> 00:02:13,883 Release! 20 00:02:33,444 --> 00:02:35,905 [narrator] As Caesar's men defend the outer wall, 21 00:02:40,034 --> 00:02:40,952 on the inside... 22 00:02:41,661 --> 00:02:43,371 Ladders, now! 23 00:02:45,999 --> 00:02:48,168 [narrator] ...Vercingetorix makes his move. 24 00:02:50,962 --> 00:02:51,796 Shields! 25 00:03:10,398 --> 00:03:12,609 Breach! Outer wall! 26 00:03:14,903 --> 00:03:19,282 [narrator] The Romans secure the interior, but the outer wall is breached. 27 00:03:20,742 --> 00:03:21,910 Go! 28 00:03:25,622 --> 00:03:31,711 The Gauls manage to discover a weak point in the walls. 29 00:03:39,052 --> 00:03:41,262 The Gauls identified this as a spot 30 00:03:41,387 --> 00:03:44,015 that they could converge all of their forces on 31 00:03:44,098 --> 00:03:45,975 and break the Roman siege lines. 32 00:03:47,393 --> 00:03:48,770 We need help! 33 00:03:54,609 --> 00:03:56,361 Hold the wall! 34 00:04:00,156 --> 00:04:02,283 Get the reinforcements! Now! 35 00:04:03,326 --> 00:04:05,495 [horn blows] 36 00:04:11,292 --> 00:04:14,837 [narrator] But Caesar responds with a stroke of military genius. 37 00:04:16,965 --> 00:04:19,968 The Romans converged on that one spot to protect it, and then Caesar led out a cavalry detachment 38 00:04:24,055 --> 00:04:26,683 to come around the back of the relief army. 39 00:04:38,152 --> 00:04:41,781 The Gauls then believed that they had been surrounded by the Romans, 40 00:04:41,864 --> 00:04:44,701 and caught in that pincer, they disintegrated. 41 00:04:46,327 --> 00:04:47,662 The Gauls are retreating. 42 00:04:53,376 --> 00:04:55,420 [narrator] Against overwhelming odds, 43 00:04:56,587 --> 00:04:59,966 Julius Caesar and his men outlast two armies 44 00:05:01,259 --> 00:05:05,388 in one of the greatest military achievements in Roman history. 45 00:06:39,857 --> 00:06:41,526 After four days of fighting, 46 00:06:43,361 --> 00:06:45,113 and a hundred thousand dead, 47 00:06:48,074 --> 00:06:49,909 Caesar has done the impossible... 48 00:06:50,868 --> 00:06:52,620 defeating the Gauls at Alesia. 49 00:07:35,246 --> 00:07:37,748 [Duncan] There was no hope for Vercingetorix. 50 00:07:41,502 --> 00:07:43,754 He knew that he couldn't carry on the war 51 00:07:45,590 --> 00:07:47,592 and he knew that he couldn't stay inside the city 52 00:07:47,675 --> 00:07:49,177 because they would all starve to death. 53 00:08:10,072 --> 00:08:10,907 Please... 54 00:08:12,366 --> 00:08:14,577 spare the lives of my men. 55 00:08:16,662 --> 00:08:17,955 It's all I ask. Put him in chains. 56 00:08:56,661 --> 00:09:01,082 [narrator] With Vercingetorix's surrender, Caesar has won more than a battle... 57 00:09:02,166 --> 00:09:04,418 he's conquered all of Gaul. 58 00:09:06,087 --> 00:09:11,509 The advantage that Vercingetorix's revolt had for Caesar was that 59 00:09:11,592 --> 00:09:17,682 it unified all of the forces in Gaul under a single head and a single leader, 60 00:09:17,765 --> 00:09:22,645 and it allowed Caesar to cut that head off in one fell swoop. 61 00:09:27,108 --> 00:09:30,069 [narrator] Caesar's victory transforms the Roman Republic, 62 00:09:30,861 --> 00:09:34,490 expanding its territory by 200,000 square miles. 63 00:09:35,658 --> 00:09:39,453 Making it the largest single military conquest in Roman history. 64 00:09:42,873 --> 00:09:46,794 Julius Caesar stretches the Roman Empire out all the way to the Atlantic Ocean. 65 00:09:47,545 --> 00:09:49,714 Making essentially that part of Europe Roman, 66 00:09:50,047 --> 00:09:53,134 which would shape all of Europe even today. 67 00:09:55,761 --> 00:09:58,723 [narrator] Roman soldiers begin settling this new territory, 68 00:10:00,224 --> 00:10:04,437 which will eventually become cities, like Paris and Geneva. 69 00:10:06,147 --> 00:10:07,231 But for Caesar, 70 00:10:08,107 --> 00:10:11,193 the only thing on his mind is returning to Rome. 71 00:10:26,083 --> 00:10:29,670 As Caesar returns home to reclaim the power he once had, 72 00:10:35,968 --> 00:10:38,596 he sends messengers ahead with news of the battle, 73 00:10:41,349 --> 00:10:45,436 as well as gold and treasure to be spent on the Roman people. 74 00:10:53,361 --> 00:10:58,074 There are huge festivals held in the city to celebrate Caesar's success. 75 00:11:02,745 --> 00:11:06,540 There are public banquets, gladiatorial combats, 76 00:11:07,541 --> 00:11:10,336 and there are distributions of free food, 77 00:11:11,712 --> 00:11:16,550 so that the people are well aware that Caesar's success is good for them. 78 00:11:18,427 --> 00:11:21,347 [narrator] The festivities last for 20 straight days, 79 00:11:22,139 --> 00:11:23,974 captivating the Roman people. 80 00:11:27,436 --> 00:11:32,358 [Duncan] The conquest of Gaul makes Caesar the most popular person in Rome. 81 00:11:33,484 --> 00:11:36,237 These victories are massive. 82 00:11:36,320 --> 00:11:41,117 These victories make him famous, these victories make him rich. 83 00:11:41,492 --> 00:11:45,037 He is by far the strongest man in Rome. 84 00:11:47,164 --> 00:11:50,084 [narrator] But not everyone is happy with Caesar's success. 85 00:11:59,760 --> 00:12:02,722 Eight years after forcing Caesar out of Rome, 86 00:12:04,056 --> 00:12:06,851 Pompey realizes he's made a big mistake. 87 00:12:10,521 --> 00:12:14,442 Pompey sees Caesar's new popularity as a direct threat. 88 00:12:15,693 --> 00:12:20,364 Caesar is now perhaps more powerful than the rest of the Senate put together. 89 00:12:22,032 --> 00:12:26,537 It was clear that the relationship was coming under increasing strain. 90 00:12:32,209 --> 00:12:34,879 [narrator] If Pompey hopes to retain any form of power 91 00:12:35,963 --> 00:12:37,673 he must get rid of Caesar... 92 00:12:38,507 --> 00:12:39,550 for good. 93 00:12:53,564 --> 00:12:54,774 [Pompey] Julius Caesar... 94 00:12:56,108 --> 00:12:58,778 he sent Rome to war without our permission, 95 00:12:58,861 --> 00:13:02,198 illegally raised legions without our approval. 96 00:13:05,242 --> 00:13:06,994 Butchered entire towns. 97 00:13:07,203 --> 00:13:10,706 Starved women and children. Slaughtered hundreds of thousands. 98 00:13:10,915 --> 00:13:14,543 All so he could line his pockets with the spoils of war. 99 00:13:16,545 --> 00:13:20,508 Caesar is a threat to our Republic. 100 00:13:24,470 --> 00:13:28,641 He's shown no regard for the Senate. No regard for anyone but himself. 101 00:13:31,185 --> 00:13:36,565 We are all proud of the remarkable achievements of our soldiers, 102 00:13:38,567 --> 00:13:41,779 but he must be held accountable for his actions. 103 00:13:44,406 --> 00:13:48,244 He must be stripped of his command immediately and ordered to return to Rome, 104 00:13:52,164 --> 00:13:54,458 where he will stand trial. 105 00:14:01,841 --> 00:14:04,301 [Ruggeri] Caesar had a lot of enemies back home in Rome 106 00:14:04,385 --> 00:14:06,387 who saw how popular he was, 107 00:14:06,846 --> 00:14:10,349 not only with the people but with the army and what a brilliant commander he was. 108 00:14:10,641 --> 00:14:14,979 And they were very concerned that he was getting far too much power. 109 00:14:18,691 --> 00:14:19,984 [magistrate] All those in favor? 110 00:14:27,575 --> 00:14:29,285 [narrator] In a unanimous vote, 111 00:14:29,368 --> 00:14:32,288 the Senate agrees to bring charges against Caesar. 112 00:14:43,340 --> 00:14:47,011 One of the men who sides with Pompey is an ambitious senator... 113 00:14:47,928 --> 00:14:49,346 named Marcus Brutus. 114 00:14:52,474 --> 00:14:54,393 Brutus was Servilia's son, 115 00:14:55,644 --> 00:14:57,938 and she, of course, was Caesar's mistress. 116 00:15:02,693 --> 00:15:03,903 What's your name? 117 00:15:05,362 --> 00:15:06,196 Brutus. 118 00:15:10,242 --> 00:15:12,494 [narrator] Brutus grows up admiring Caesar 119 00:15:13,746 --> 00:15:15,873 and considers him a father figure. 120 00:15:35,184 --> 00:15:36,268 Did you stand? 121 00:15:38,437 --> 00:15:39,688 It was unanimous. 122 00:15:41,482 --> 00:15:43,317 They've already selected his replacement. 123 00:15:46,820 --> 00:15:48,238 I know you have feelings for him. 124 00:15:50,824 --> 00:15:51,909 But I thought it best. 125 00:15:54,453 --> 00:15:56,622 Then you did what you needed to do. 126 00:16:00,501 --> 00:16:03,379 [narrator] While Brutus has a personal loyalty to Caesar, 127 00:16:03,921 --> 00:16:07,007 his mother raised him to always choose the winning side. 128 00:16:13,305 --> 00:16:15,599 [Tempest] Brutus was very noble, he was ambitious, 129 00:16:15,683 --> 00:16:18,185 like any other man of his generation. 130 00:16:19,687 --> 00:16:23,607 And like many Romans, Brutus's ambitions would have been to get to the top. 131 00:16:40,541 --> 00:16:42,042 [Mark Antony] Are you going to tell me? 132 00:16:43,043 --> 00:16:44,712 I'm being stripped of my command. 133 00:16:45,838 --> 00:16:46,672 What? 134 00:16:48,215 --> 00:16:49,925 They're ordering me back to Rome 135 00:16:50,968 --> 00:16:52,136 to face charges. 136 00:16:52,970 --> 00:16:53,804 For what? 137 00:16:54,221 --> 00:16:56,348 Illegally levying troops. 138 00:16:57,933 --> 00:16:59,518 This is bullshit. Tell them no. 139 00:16:59,601 --> 00:17:00,936 And be forced into exile? 140 00:17:03,897 --> 00:17:06,567 You won't get a fair trial. Pompey will make sure of that. 141 00:17:18,078 --> 00:17:19,163 Julia... 142 00:17:19,913 --> 00:17:21,206 has passed... 143 00:17:22,666 --> 00:17:24,084 during child birth. 144 00:17:30,507 --> 00:17:31,341 I'm sorry. 145 00:17:35,095 --> 00:17:36,013 I'll be outside 146 00:17:36,972 --> 00:17:37,973 if you need anything. 147 00:17:43,687 --> 00:17:48,317 [narrator] Caesar is blindsided by the death of Julia, his only child. 148 00:17:50,152 --> 00:17:54,323 [Gillespie] When Julia died in childbirth, Caesar was destroyed. 149 00:17:56,575 --> 00:17:58,118 She was his only daughter, 150 00:17:58,786 --> 00:18:03,749 and the heir not only to his fortune, but also to his family's prestige. 151 00:18:07,461 --> 00:18:09,088 [narrator] For the first time in his life, 152 00:18:09,463 --> 00:18:10,964 Caesar is alone in the world, 153 00:18:13,300 --> 00:18:16,512 and must decide if he'll accept the senate's terms 154 00:18:16,595 --> 00:18:19,848 or ignore them and march his troops into Rome. 155 00:18:36,532 --> 00:18:37,407 One! 156 00:18:38,158 --> 00:18:40,035 Two! Back! 157 00:18:40,744 --> 00:18:45,499 [Strauss] Caesar expected to come back from his victories in Gaul to be acclaimed 158 00:18:45,582 --> 00:18:49,086 and then to be re-elected as consul for a second time. 159 00:18:49,169 --> 00:18:51,338 Back! One! 160 00:18:51,421 --> 00:18:55,592 [Strauss] But his enemies in the Senate were dead set against that happening, 161 00:18:55,676 --> 00:18:57,803 and Pompey was on their side. 162 00:18:59,096 --> 00:19:03,142 [soldier] One! Two! Back! Three! 163 00:19:05,769 --> 00:19:09,356 [narrator] Caesar and his troops make it to the border of Gaul and Italy 164 00:19:09,982 --> 00:19:12,651 to a narrow river called the Rubicon. 165 00:19:21,618 --> 00:19:24,079 If Caesar crosses this boundary with an army, 166 00:19:24,913 --> 00:19:26,165 in the eyes of the law, 167 00:19:27,040 --> 00:19:28,625 he'd be invading Rome. 168 00:19:33,172 --> 00:19:36,133 Caesar really had a choice to make. 169 00:19:37,342 --> 00:19:41,096 Do I give up, come back, get prosecuted by my enemies, 170 00:19:41,305 --> 00:19:43,098 and be banished for life? 171 00:19:44,141 --> 00:19:44,975 Or... 172 00:19:45,267 --> 00:19:46,727 do I cross this boundary? 173 00:19:47,853 --> 00:19:50,772 Do I come into Italy 174 00:19:51,315 --> 00:19:54,860 and point this Roman army at Rome itself? 175 00:20:14,963 --> 00:20:17,132 [narrator] In January of 49 B.C., 176 00:20:18,133 --> 00:20:22,095 Caesar and his men, the strongest legion in all of Rome, 177 00:20:22,971 --> 00:20:24,598 cross the Rubicon river. 178 00:20:27,976 --> 00:20:31,730 [Irvin] Crossing the Rubicon officially began a civil war. 179 00:20:31,980 --> 00:20:34,942 Caesar was now a rebellious military general 180 00:20:35,150 --> 00:20:38,570 leading Roman troops against the city of Rome itself. 181 00:20:41,240 --> 00:20:42,824 Caesar's crossing of the Rubicon 182 00:20:42,908 --> 00:20:45,535 was really one of the pivotal events in history. 183 00:20:46,161 --> 00:20:48,914 Caesar wasn't going to allow himself to be pushed around 184 00:20:48,997 --> 00:20:52,292 and to be deprived of what he felt was his due. 185 00:20:55,087 --> 00:20:58,006 [narrator] Crossing the Rubicon is not only an act of war, 186 00:20:59,049 --> 00:21:01,802 it's the defining moment in Caesar's career. 187 00:21:03,053 --> 00:21:04,763 And the core of his legacy. 188 00:21:06,431 --> 00:21:09,851 [Brennan] I think the fact that we still have the phrase "crossing the Rubicon" 189 00:21:10,394 --> 00:21:14,690 has to do with the fact that there was no u-turn. 190 00:21:14,773 --> 00:21:17,526 You could not cross the Rubicon, then decide against it. 191 00:21:17,609 --> 00:21:21,071 He had committed himself and his troops to marching on Rome 192 00:21:21,363 --> 00:21:23,156 and that's why it's remained with us today. 193 00:21:28,245 --> 00:21:30,163 [narrator] Knowing he can't turn back, 194 00:21:30,414 --> 00:21:33,792 Caesar and 5,000 troops begin marching toward Rome... 195 00:21:36,586 --> 00:21:38,005 to overtake the capital. 196 00:21:48,432 --> 00:21:51,143 You pressed us to issue an ultimatum. 197 00:21:51,768 --> 00:21:53,562 We should never had brought charges. 198 00:21:53,645 --> 00:21:56,732 He could sack Rome just as easily as he took Gaul. 199 00:21:56,815 --> 00:21:58,066 We won't let that happen. 200 00:21:59,067 --> 00:22:02,946 Our armies outnumber Caesar's three to one. 201 00:22:04,364 --> 00:22:05,782 [senator] So call them to Rome! 202 00:22:08,118 --> 00:22:09,202 We need to leave. 203 00:22:11,079 --> 00:22:12,581 Abandon Rome? 204 00:22:12,914 --> 00:22:14,750 For the time being, yes. 205 00:22:15,751 --> 00:22:18,086 I'll send word for my legions to assemble in Greece. 206 00:22:18,170 --> 00:22:19,296 We'll meet them there. 207 00:22:19,671 --> 00:22:21,840 We're just giving Rome to Caesar? 208 00:22:24,217 --> 00:22:25,886 I'm not giving him anything. 209 00:22:35,479 --> 00:22:36,646 [narrator] For the senators, 210 00:22:37,397 --> 00:22:40,025 leaving Rome may look like a desperate act, 211 00:22:42,235 --> 00:22:45,781 but Pompey knows he can't defeat Caesar without an army. 212 00:22:48,033 --> 00:22:51,912 Pompey is a very resourceful general and he has a plan. 213 00:22:52,537 --> 00:22:55,123 The plan is to pull out of Italy 214 00:22:55,207 --> 00:22:57,084 and make a stand in the east. 215 00:22:57,751 --> 00:23:02,672 To build up a new army, and to use that army to fight Caesar. 216 00:23:08,053 --> 00:23:09,471 [narrator] Pompey asks his legions, 217 00:23:09,554 --> 00:23:12,099 scattered across Asia and the Mediterranean, 218 00:23:12,349 --> 00:23:13,725 to meet him in Greece. 219 00:23:14,935 --> 00:23:18,063 while forcing each senator, including Brutus, 220 00:23:18,230 --> 00:23:20,524 to choose a side in this civil war. 221 00:23:33,870 --> 00:23:35,288 You don't think I should go. 222 00:23:36,998 --> 00:23:38,041 Why do you say that? 223 00:23:39,501 --> 00:23:40,752 This isn't personal. 224 00:23:41,336 --> 00:23:45,257 Pompey has the support of the Senate, the clear military advantage... leave us. 225 00:23:52,431 --> 00:23:53,598 This is the right move. 226 00:23:56,017 --> 00:23:57,060 Are you asking? 227 00:24:00,772 --> 00:24:02,858 Pompey is the better choice. 228 00:24:04,067 --> 00:24:06,027 And even if Caesar wins, 229 00:24:06,736 --> 00:24:07,779 he won't hurt you. 230 00:24:09,239 --> 00:24:10,365 Trust yourself. 231 00:24:12,909 --> 00:24:13,743 I should go. 232 00:24:19,624 --> 00:24:20,625 Be careful. 233 00:24:40,854 --> 00:24:43,982 [narrator] On the 17th of January, 49 B.C., 234 00:24:45,150 --> 00:24:48,153 Pompey and most of the Senate abandon Rome, 235 00:24:49,779 --> 00:24:52,073 leaving the capital without a government. 236 00:24:54,576 --> 00:24:56,536 [Irvin] Nobody was in charge in the city. 237 00:24:57,078 --> 00:25:00,665 The Senate was in shambles, no assemblies were being called. 238 00:25:01,708 --> 00:25:06,713 Street gangs were essentially in control of large portions of the city. 239 00:25:09,424 --> 00:25:11,134 [narrator] With the city in chaos, 240 00:25:11,635 --> 00:25:14,387 Caesar could easily take control of Rome. 241 00:25:17,474 --> 00:25:20,185 and that's exactly what Pompey wants him to do. 242 00:25:28,235 --> 00:25:31,238 He's taking this route to Brundisium. 243 00:25:31,696 --> 00:25:33,657 That's where he'll set sail for Greece. 244 00:25:33,907 --> 00:25:35,075 What about Rome? 245 00:25:35,784 --> 00:25:37,494 We can deal with Rome later. 246 00:25:37,953 --> 00:25:40,872 He's left the city wide open, we should take it now, while we still can. 247 00:25:40,956 --> 00:25:42,290 Rome's not the priority. 248 00:25:43,792 --> 00:25:45,877 Stopping Pompey from reaching his armies. 249 00:25:46,670 --> 00:25:47,879 That's the priority. 250 00:25:49,881 --> 00:25:51,716 We'll march through the night to make up time. 251 00:25:51,800 --> 00:25:52,926 Then we'll cut through here-- 252 00:25:53,009 --> 00:25:55,804 But if we take Rome, we can fortify the city limits. 253 00:25:55,887 --> 00:25:57,013 Block him out. 254 00:25:57,389 --> 00:26:01,810 If Pompey reaches Greece, he'll strengthen his forces tenfold. 255 00:26:02,852 --> 00:26:05,438 Rome can't be defended against an army of that size. 256 00:26:07,274 --> 00:26:09,359 We're changing course to Brundisium... 257 00:26:10,318 --> 00:26:11,152 now. 258 00:26:14,281 --> 00:26:15,865 Break camp, we're on the move! 259 00:26:17,576 --> 00:26:18,660 On your feet! 260 00:26:23,790 --> 00:26:25,750 [narrator] While the city is unguarded, 261 00:26:27,043 --> 00:26:32,090 Caesar understands that taking Rome is not as important as stopping Pompey. 262 00:26:47,564 --> 00:26:50,275 Pompey and the Senate are traveling to Brundisium, 263 00:26:50,358 --> 00:26:52,485 a port city in southern Italy. 264 00:26:55,447 --> 00:26:59,034 When they arrive, they'll sail to Greece, to build up their army. 265 00:27:00,619 --> 00:27:04,164 If Caesar and his men can get to Brundisium first, 266 00:27:04,372 --> 00:27:07,584 Pompey will be forced to fight or surrender. 267 00:27:10,587 --> 00:27:15,425 But the challenge is enormous, as Pompey has a head start of 200 miles. 268 00:27:17,093 --> 00:27:21,514 To close the gap, Caesar's men will need to march at an unforgiving pace. 269 00:27:24,351 --> 00:27:27,270 [Strauss] Caesar is a very bold leader. 270 00:27:27,812 --> 00:27:32,776 His hallmark is speed, he always wants to get his army there first. 271 00:27:32,859 --> 00:27:35,779 He's constantly pushing. 272 00:27:36,738 --> 00:27:40,867 As a general, Caesar will be where you don't want him to be. 273 00:27:41,117 --> 00:27:43,870 He seems to have limitless amounts of energy. 274 00:27:48,625 --> 00:27:50,377 [narrator] As they reach Corfinium, 275 00:27:51,127 --> 00:27:54,547 Caesar and his army trail Pompey by just 30 miles. 276 00:28:21,825 --> 00:28:23,535 After three months of marching, 277 00:28:24,661 --> 00:28:27,247 Caesar and his men arrive in Brundisium. 278 00:28:30,709 --> 00:28:31,960 But they're too late. 279 00:28:48,643 --> 00:28:50,186 Pompey has slipped away. 280 00:28:53,148 --> 00:28:54,983 But Caesar refuses to give up. 281 00:29:01,656 --> 00:29:04,617 So he orders his men to begin building ships. 282 00:29:06,035 --> 00:29:07,412 What's the latest estimate? 283 00:29:07,495 --> 00:29:08,496 Two months. 284 00:29:08,997 --> 00:29:11,499 -It's not good enough. -The men are working as fast as they can. 285 00:29:11,583 --> 00:29:12,876 We don't have two months. We can only push them so hard. 286 00:29:15,044 --> 00:29:15,962 Ships take time. 287 00:29:16,629 --> 00:29:18,256 Trust me, you'll want them built right. 288 00:29:20,633 --> 00:29:21,634 Just get it done. 289 00:29:30,852 --> 00:29:33,271 [soldier] One! Two! 290 00:29:33,354 --> 00:29:34,481 Three! 291 00:29:36,191 --> 00:29:39,277 One! Two! Three! 292 00:29:42,781 --> 00:29:45,033 [narrator] While Caesar constructs his fleet, 293 00:29:46,201 --> 00:29:47,535 Pompey builds an army, 294 00:29:50,955 --> 00:29:53,958 as troops from Asia and Syria arrive in Greece 295 00:29:54,042 --> 00:29:56,211 to fight for their celebrated leader. 296 00:30:01,174 --> 00:30:02,967 [Duncan] Pompey has at his disposal 297 00:30:03,218 --> 00:30:06,930 these men who have all personally pledged to Pompey 298 00:30:07,013 --> 00:30:08,681 that if he should come calling, 299 00:30:08,765 --> 00:30:12,018 that they will raise men, money, material, whatever. 300 00:30:12,519 --> 00:30:14,729 He will be able to call essentially on the resources 301 00:30:14,813 --> 00:30:18,900 of the entire eastern Mediterranean to battle against Caesar. 302 00:30:22,779 --> 00:30:24,280 [narrator] Back in Brundisium, 303 00:30:25,740 --> 00:30:28,993 Caesar's men have been building ships for nearly two months, 304 00:30:30,662 --> 00:30:33,665 but they've only built enough to carry half his army. 305 00:30:35,959 --> 00:30:38,711 And Caesar realizes time is running out. 306 00:30:42,048 --> 00:30:45,343 Caesar knows that he needs to push the envelope, 307 00:30:45,426 --> 00:30:48,972 knows that if he lets Pompey go on for much longer, that... 308 00:30:49,389 --> 00:30:52,600 those forces arrayed against him will just get bigger and bigger. 309 00:30:56,062 --> 00:30:58,398 [narrator] Leaving Mark Antony to finish the fleet, 310 00:30:59,774 --> 00:31:01,484 Caesar sets off for Greece 311 00:31:02,110 --> 00:31:03,903 with only half his troops. 312 00:31:05,947 --> 00:31:09,492 When Caesar left Italy to go over to Greece, 313 00:31:09,576 --> 00:31:12,078 this left him dangerously exposed. 314 00:31:12,161 --> 00:31:14,247 Probably he should not have done it. 315 00:31:15,456 --> 00:31:17,333 But Caesar needs to force this battle. 316 00:31:27,552 --> 00:31:29,095 [narrator] After two days, 317 00:31:30,263 --> 00:31:33,808 Caesar and his army of 11,000 men arrive in Greece 318 00:31:35,143 --> 00:31:36,936 and begin preparing for battle. 319 00:31:38,271 --> 00:31:40,023 But Caesar quickly realizes 320 00:31:41,691 --> 00:31:44,694 that Pompey's army is far greater than he imagined. 321 00:31:47,572 --> 00:31:49,908 A force four times the size of his, 322 00:31:52,452 --> 00:31:55,038 that grows larger and stronger each day. 323 00:32:00,710 --> 00:32:03,838 We'll blockade here, then through here. Cut their supply lines, 324 00:32:04,380 --> 00:32:05,465 then starve them out. 325 00:32:06,549 --> 00:32:08,259 -Thoughts? -Good work. 326 00:32:11,012 --> 00:32:11,846 Sir... 327 00:32:13,348 --> 00:32:14,849 Caesar's forces have been spotted. 328 00:32:17,644 --> 00:32:18,728 Caesar's here? 329 00:32:19,187 --> 00:32:21,731 Their camp is just beyond the ridge line, less than a mile away. 330 00:32:23,149 --> 00:32:23,983 How many men? 331 00:32:24,567 --> 00:32:26,736 Scout's estimate was only half what we expected. 332 00:32:37,038 --> 00:32:37,956 What do we do now? 333 00:32:40,416 --> 00:32:42,168 Send the scouts to track them down. 334 00:32:42,794 --> 00:32:43,628 Yes sir. Go. 335 00:32:56,641 --> 00:32:59,102 [narrator] While Pompey may have the larger army, 336 00:32:59,978 --> 00:33:03,356 he knows what Caesar's achieved against greater odds. 337 00:33:05,358 --> 00:33:07,443 [Duncan] Pompey has the numerical advantage 338 00:33:08,027 --> 00:33:12,407 but even then, he doesn't necessarily want to fight a battle with Caesar. 339 00:33:13,074 --> 00:33:17,161 It had been quite a long time since Pompey had actually led troops in battle. 340 00:33:24,252 --> 00:33:27,797 [narrator] Pompey arranges a meeting to convince Caesar not to fight. 341 00:33:32,343 --> 00:33:36,848 It's been ten years since these former friends and partners have seen each other. 342 00:34:00,371 --> 00:34:01,456 It's good to see you, 343 00:34:03,249 --> 00:34:05,460 though I wish it were under different circumstances. 344 00:34:07,962 --> 00:34:09,714 I never congratulated you on Gaul. 345 00:34:11,674 --> 00:34:12,717 I was impressed. 346 00:34:15,094 --> 00:34:17,930 I assume you called me here to negotiate a truce? 347 00:34:18,014 --> 00:34:19,640 I called you here as a courtesy. 348 00:34:21,768 --> 00:34:22,935 To offer you a way out. 349 00:34:23,936 --> 00:34:26,606 Disband your armies and drop the all the charges, 350 00:34:27,565 --> 00:34:29,317 and I'll tell my men to stand down. 351 00:34:31,486 --> 00:34:32,653 Why would I do that? 352 00:34:32,737 --> 00:34:33,946 Because you're afraid. 353 00:34:35,907 --> 00:34:37,950 You're afraid your men aren't ready... 354 00:34:40,453 --> 00:34:42,705 afraid you're not as sharp as you used to be. 355 00:34:43,790 --> 00:34:45,500 And that's why you called me here. Your men are better trained. 356 00:34:50,755 --> 00:34:53,716 But they don't stand a chance against the size of my army. 357 00:34:55,301 --> 00:34:56,385 So what's your offer? 358 00:35:00,056 --> 00:35:03,893 Order your men to lay down their arms and surrender themselves to my legions. 359 00:35:04,769 --> 00:35:06,562 Then you'll return to Rome to face trial. 360 00:35:07,271 --> 00:35:09,107 I'll make sure the courts are lenient on you, 361 00:35:09,190 --> 00:35:10,817 but you'll never hold office again. 362 00:35:12,652 --> 00:35:15,446 Or you can die on the battlefield alongside your men... 363 00:35:18,282 --> 00:35:19,325 the choice is yours. 364 00:35:22,537 --> 00:35:24,288 I'll need a day or two to think it over. 365 00:35:24,372 --> 00:35:27,041 So you can wait for the rest of your forces to arrive? 366 00:35:32,130 --> 00:35:33,297 Consider my offer. 367 00:35:37,802 --> 00:35:38,845 My grandchild... 368 00:35:42,557 --> 00:35:45,309 a boy... or girl? 369 00:35:47,270 --> 00:35:48,187 It was a boy. 370 00:36:11,460 --> 00:36:13,921 [narrator] Caesar's forces are more battle tested, 371 00:36:14,964 --> 00:36:16,465 but with only half an army, 372 00:36:17,216 --> 00:36:19,218 he stands little chance of victory. 373 00:36:21,888 --> 00:36:22,722 Any word? 374 00:36:23,055 --> 00:36:23,890 Not yet. 375 00:36:26,142 --> 00:36:28,102 [Duncan] There was really good reason to think 376 00:36:28,186 --> 00:36:31,189 that Pompey would be able to not just outnumber Caesar, 377 00:36:31,272 --> 00:36:33,357 but massively outnumber Caesar. 378 00:36:33,941 --> 00:36:37,987 Whatever couple of legions Caesar has will never be able to withstand that. 379 00:36:52,251 --> 00:36:54,420 [narrator] Caesar is facing certain death 380 00:36:56,464 --> 00:36:59,425 when Mark Antony finally arrives in Greece. 381 00:37:04,680 --> 00:37:06,182 [Duncan] Caesar was a brilliant general. 382 00:37:07,183 --> 00:37:09,810 But it wasn't until Mark Antony was able 383 00:37:09,894 --> 00:37:13,481 to successfully ferry the other half of the army over to Greece, 384 00:37:13,564 --> 00:37:17,568 that Caesar even stood any chance of facing off Pompey. 385 00:37:26,953 --> 00:37:28,454 Send the weakest to the front. 386 00:37:29,288 --> 00:37:31,165 Keep the more experienced in reserve. 387 00:37:32,750 --> 00:37:34,335 Caesar's forces just arrived. 388 00:37:36,837 --> 00:37:37,713 The rest of them. 389 00:37:52,353 --> 00:37:53,187 It's fine. 390 00:37:55,731 --> 00:37:57,233 I want Caesar confident. 391 00:37:58,317 --> 00:37:59,902 That makes him predictable. 392 00:38:02,905 --> 00:38:04,407 Where do you have our cavalry? 393 00:38:05,074 --> 00:38:05,908 Divided... 394 00:38:06,826 --> 00:38:07,952 along the flanks. 395 00:38:10,746 --> 00:38:11,580 Good. 396 00:38:11,664 --> 00:38:13,332 [narrator] Even with a full army, 397 00:38:13,666 --> 00:38:16,877 Pompey still has a two to one advantage over Caesar. 398 00:38:20,548 --> 00:38:23,175 His infantry is here, here, and here. 399 00:38:23,259 --> 00:38:24,093 How many? 400 00:38:24,260 --> 00:38:26,637 Four legions at the front. Three more on either side. 401 00:38:26,721 --> 00:38:28,973 He'll try to divide our ranks or surround us. 402 00:38:31,475 --> 00:38:34,437 [narrator] Outnumbered, Caesar comes up with a strategy 403 00:38:34,520 --> 00:38:36,605 to help defeat Pompey's men. 404 00:38:37,940 --> 00:38:40,192 His cavalry is divided along the perimeter, 405 00:38:41,319 --> 00:38:42,278 so keep an eye on them. 406 00:38:48,451 --> 00:38:51,787 [narrator] It's been over a year since Caesar crossed the Rubicon. 407 00:38:52,413 --> 00:38:53,247 And now, 408 00:38:53,456 --> 00:38:57,668 he's about to face his greatest rival on the battlefield. 409 00:39:10,181 --> 00:39:11,057 [Pompey] Today, 410 00:39:11,849 --> 00:39:13,309 we face an army of traitors, 411 00:39:14,518 --> 00:39:16,020 driven by greed 412 00:39:16,854 --> 00:39:17,688 and power. 413 00:39:19,857 --> 00:39:22,193 You are here to defend the Republic. 414 00:39:23,736 --> 00:39:27,698 You are here to fight for the future of Rome. 415 00:39:31,660 --> 00:39:32,703 We... 416 00:39:33,954 --> 00:39:35,414 will overpower their ranks, 417 00:39:36,749 --> 00:39:38,501 we will destroy their forces, 418 00:39:39,877 --> 00:39:41,087 and when we are done, 419 00:39:42,588 --> 00:39:45,591 not a single one of them will be left standing. 420 00:39:50,638 --> 00:39:52,306 I accept no other outcome... 421 00:39:55,559 --> 00:39:57,353 only victory! 422 00:40:13,953 --> 00:40:15,746 [Duncan] Pompey and Caesar 423 00:40:15,830 --> 00:40:20,000 are two of the greatest generals in Roman history, 424 00:40:20,459 --> 00:40:23,003 and they were now facing each other. 425 00:40:23,838 --> 00:40:28,217 So, you're looking at two titans really squaring off, 426 00:40:28,968 --> 00:40:31,929 and deciding the fate of the Roman Republic. 427 00:40:33,848 --> 00:40:37,101 [narrator] The winner will be named Rome's greatest general, 428 00:40:37,768 --> 00:40:40,312 and the ruler of what will one day become 429 00:40:40,896 --> 00:40:43,482 the world's most powerful empire. 430 00:40:44,608 --> 00:40:46,610 First ranks, charge! 431 00:40:53,033 --> 00:40:54,076 Charge!