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The easiest way to explain hexadecimal is to refer back to binary and decimal in binary you have two

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values either a 0 or a 1.

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So all numbers are made up of either those two values.

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As an example 128 in decimal equals one followed by seven binary zeros decimal numbers are made up of

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combinations in range 0 to 9.

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So as an example 128 consists of 1 2 and an 8 255 consists of the number two followed by two fives.

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Hexadecimal has values from 0 to f..

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In other words it's 0 1 2 3 up to 9 followed by A B C D E and F.

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So these are hexadecimal values the decimal equivalents are 0 1 2 3 all the way up to 9 and then a equates

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to 10 B equates to 11 C crates to 12 DS 13 and decimal in hexadecimal is 14 in decimal and F in hexadecimal

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is 15 in decimal.

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If you remember that then hexadecimal isn't very difficult.

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That's the first thing you need to remember when working with hexadecimal.

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So if I gave you a number such as F in hexadecimal you need to remember that that equates to 15 and

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decimal he equates to 14 D equates to 13 C equates to 12 B is an 11 and then a equates to 10 and then

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the values are 0 to 9 of the same as decimal values.

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0 2 9.

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Now if I gave you a more complex example let's say 128.

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The easiest way to work that out is to convert it to binary so 128.

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It looks as follows in binary.

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And then what you need to do is to split it into two portions of four plus.

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The reason why is that if we look at 15 or F in hexadecimal and convert that into binary you'll see

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that it equates to four binary ones.

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10 equates to 1 0 1 0 in binary 11 is 1 0 1 1 in binary a zero in hexadecimal equates to four binary

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zeros.

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So the highest number in hexadecimal consists of four binary ones.

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So whenever you work out a larger number like 128 for an IP address.

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Break it into two portions of four binary zeros.

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So if we looked at for binary zeros that would equate to zero in hexadecimal 1 followed by three binary

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zeros equates to eight in both decimal and hexadecimal.

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Hence 128 in decimal equates to 80 in hexadecimal.

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Let's confirm this by taking the windows calculator and going to program mode and selecting a decimal

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value of 15 and converting that to hexadecimal.

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You'll see that it equates to binary Yeff in hexadecimal Let's take another decimal value such as 10

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convert that to hex and you'll see it's anay.

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So what about a 128 128 in decimal equates to 8 is 0 in hexadecimal.

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As we worked out.

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So let's do a few more examples to make sure that you understand how to do this conversion.

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So what about 255.

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That equates to a binary value of eight binary ones.

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If you split into two portions that gives you full binary ones and 4 binary ones.

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So to convert into hexadecimal.

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Convert this to decimal which is 15 and 15 in hexadecimal equates to f..

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So 15 gives us f and 15 gives us f that's why a broadcast of 255 255 255 255 equates to 8 binary F's

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in binary you've got eight binary ones put 255.

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And if you convert that into hexadecimal you'll notice that eight binary ones equates to 15 and decimal

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which is f in hexadecimal.

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So we end up having eight hexadecimal F's the rule to remember is that a in hexadecimal equates to 10

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in decimal or 10 decimal equates to a in hexadecimal 11 and decimal is a B and hex 12 and decimal is

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a C in hexadecimal 13 and decimal is a D in hexadecimal 14 in decimal is an E in hexadecimal and 15

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equates to F in hexadecimal.