1 00:00:04,910 --> 00:00:12,800 So a real world example of obstruction is airplanes a pilot flying an airplane from the UK to the US 2 00:00:12,800 --> 00:00:19,010 is not going to fly manually the whole way they're going to use autopilot that abstracts them from having 3 00:00:19,010 --> 00:00:20,780 to check all the sensors. 4 00:00:20,790 --> 00:00:26,120 Now in the old days they had to manually fly and then check every single sensor to make sure that they 5 00:00:26,120 --> 00:00:26,740 were flying. 6 00:00:26,750 --> 00:00:30,750 OK so check the altitude make sure that their altitude is right. 7 00:00:30,830 --> 00:00:35,930 They had to check that I'm not a pilot so I don't know all the values but that it should constantly 8 00:00:35,930 --> 00:00:41,930 check all the sensors to make sure that everything was okay but with autopilot they can say OK we want 9 00:00:41,930 --> 00:00:50,120 to set the direction of flight from here to there at such an altitude and then autopilot just takes 10 00:00:50,120 --> 00:00:55,460 all that information from all the sensors on the aeroplane and just adjusts the aeroplane flight to 11 00:00:55,460 --> 00:00:56,600 that altitude. 12 00:00:56,600 --> 00:01:01,760 So an airplane pilot doesn't have to keep flying at this altitude to make sure that the plane is always 13 00:01:01,760 --> 00:01:03,130 at that altitude. 14 00:01:03,250 --> 00:01:09,860 Aeroplane pilot can concentrate on other tasks high level tasks like checking with traffic control what's 15 00:01:09,860 --> 00:01:14,310 happening checking the weather and making sure that there's no turbulence ahead. 16 00:01:14,420 --> 00:01:18,920 And then if they see that there's a big storm or they told that there's a big storm ahead they can just 17 00:01:18,920 --> 00:01:24,680 adjust autopilot to change the direction without having to manually keep control of the airplane the 18 00:01:24,680 --> 00:01:32,310 whole way from London to Atlanta as an example or to California to San Francisco or whether they fly. 19 00:01:32,810 --> 00:01:39,650 So the idea is the pilots do high level tasks rather than very low level tasks that makes flying a lot 20 00:01:39,650 --> 00:01:40,000 easier 21 00:01:45,160 --> 00:01:51,360 Tesla autopilot is a good example of abstraction where rather than a string low level tasks. 22 00:01:51,370 --> 00:01:58,030 We give a computer the low level tasks and we can take care of high level tasks. 23 00:01:58,240 --> 00:02:00,210 Now I mean this has been going on for years. 24 00:02:00,280 --> 00:02:04,210 In the old days we used to drive and we used to have to check our speed the whole time. 25 00:02:04,510 --> 00:02:10,570 So if the speed limit let's say in the UK 70 miles an hour and I'm driving on the motorway freeway freeway 26 00:02:10,570 --> 00:02:16,060 highway whatever you want to call it I'm driving on the motorway in the UK I've got to make sure that 27 00:02:16,060 --> 00:02:23,670 I keep my car at the speed of 70 miles as a maximum so I can drive slower but I can't drive over that. 28 00:02:23,800 --> 00:02:25,000 That's a manual task. 29 00:02:25,270 --> 00:02:30,520 I mean if I drive for three hours I've got to make sure that I am staying below that speed limit the 30 00:02:30,520 --> 00:02:31,170 entire way. 31 00:02:31,960 --> 00:02:36,070 But autopilot and technology has made that a lot easier. 32 00:02:36,070 --> 00:02:41,980 So now I'm a lot of cause I can just set the car at that maximum speed and the car will maintain that 33 00:02:41,980 --> 00:02:42,640 speed. 34 00:02:42,640 --> 00:02:48,670 I mean Tesla's autopilot has taken us to the next level where I can say OK I want to go from London 35 00:02:48,910 --> 00:02:51,300 to Birmingham as an example. 36 00:02:51,300 --> 00:02:54,180 Well if you don't know where that is let's say London to Scotland. 37 00:02:54,220 --> 00:02:59,500 So I want to drive up through through that to the north of England and then to Scotland to Edinburgh 38 00:02:59,800 --> 00:03:02,950 as an example long drive for the U.K. that is not too. 39 00:03:03,160 --> 00:03:11,890 Probably not long for people in the US but the idea is I can put the destination into the satnav as 40 00:03:11,890 --> 00:03:17,740 we would call it in the UK and it will then work out the best path to get there will the best route 41 00:03:17,740 --> 00:03:18,300 to get there. 42 00:03:18,300 --> 00:03:23,560 So I mean that's a ready machines doing a lot of the high level or should I say low level work for me 43 00:03:23,770 --> 00:03:27,090 rather than me having a map and trying to work out the best path. 44 00:03:27,100 --> 00:03:32,470 I mean that's what we do with the CLIA we are manually configuring stuff at a very low level rather 45 00:03:32,470 --> 00:03:38,200 than doing that let's abstract ourselves from doing low level configuration and do clever stuff and 46 00:03:38,200 --> 00:03:40,500 let a machine do the low level tasks. 47 00:03:40,540 --> 00:03:47,080 So Tesla autopilot will set the speed will set the direction can change lanes it can keep me within 48 00:03:47,080 --> 00:03:52,240 the lane it can do all the kind of stuff that we as humans used to have to concentrate on doing for 49 00:03:52,240 --> 00:03:56,150 three hours or six hours or seven hours what high however long we driving. 50 00:03:56,320 --> 00:04:02,050 I mean think about it you're driving long distance you've got to constantly be awake you've got to constantly 51 00:04:02,050 --> 00:04:07,180 judge the distance to the car in front of you you've got to constantly judge which way you on the lanes 52 00:04:07,180 --> 00:04:12,010 make sure that you were in lane you've got to constantly make sure that if the road turns that you turn 53 00:04:12,010 --> 00:04:17,650 properly within your lane judging all the other cars on the motorway or freeway with you there's so 54 00:04:17,650 --> 00:04:23,740 many little things that you've got to take care of but rather than doing that why not let the machine 55 00:04:23,740 --> 00:04:28,560 do all of that then you can relax and be there when something goes wrong. 56 00:04:28,570 --> 00:04:34,510 So the idea with automation and program ability is let's get the machines to do the low level stuff 57 00:04:34,540 --> 00:04:40,870 and then we get involved when we need to not constantly keeping track of are we in the right lane or 58 00:04:40,880 --> 00:04:43,100 we're going the right speed all that kind of stuff. 59 00:04:43,140 --> 00:04:51,330 Or rather let a machine do low level boring manual tasks that we have to do over and over again. 60 00:04:51,600 --> 00:04:56,070 So if it's a menial task that can be automated let us automate that task. 61 00:04:56,080 --> 00:05:00,760 Machines are really good at doing repetitive stuff so that's the word I was looking for. 62 00:05:00,760 --> 00:05:04,020 If it's a repetitive basic task let a machine do that. 63 00:05:04,030 --> 00:05:11,620 Like if we have to configure a villain on a thousand switches to use a crazy example let the machine 64 00:05:11,620 --> 00:05:17,630 do that rather than me telling leading to every machine and a V A SWITCH sorry and configuring the villain. 65 00:05:17,830 --> 00:05:23,320 Let me credit python script and then just let the machine do that but if it's more intelligence stuff 66 00:05:23,320 --> 00:05:29,710 like deciding should we had that villain or deciding who should talk to who we as humans would make 67 00:05:29,710 --> 00:05:37,690 that decision we would apply the policy and then let the policy apply our intent on the networks I intent 68 00:05:37,720 --> 00:05:38,130 would be. 69 00:05:38,130 --> 00:05:42,200 OK finance department and sales department can't talk to each other. 70 00:05:42,210 --> 00:05:46,910 There could be constant traffic from this villain or group to this group. 71 00:05:47,080 --> 00:05:52,090 We have to stop using the term villain because villains are not necessarily used in all implementations 72 00:05:52,510 --> 00:05:56,740 but say this group to this group they can't talk to each other but I'm not going to go into the network 73 00:05:56,740 --> 00:06:02,410 and manually type that into all the devices I'm going to tell the controller This is what I want and 74 00:06:02,530 --> 00:06:06,820 that's the intent that's then applied onto the network as a configuration. 75 00:06:06,820 --> 00:06:10,530 I don't have to manually go into the devices and do the configuration. 76 00:06:10,540 --> 00:06:13,090 My intent is this group can talk to this group. 77 00:06:13,090 --> 00:06:19,120 Now we apply this policy on the controller that then pushes it out to the devices as a configuration 78 00:06:19,470 --> 00:06:22,170 so we abstracted from manually configuring things. 79 00:06:22,390 --> 00:06:24,620 Just think of where the world is going. 80 00:06:24,700 --> 00:06:30,460 We are doing automation more and more with cars self-driving cars aeroplanes have been doing it for 81 00:06:30,460 --> 00:06:31,140 years. 82 00:06:31,240 --> 00:06:33,760 So we've got auto pilot on airplanes. 83 00:06:33,850 --> 00:06:39,200 Pilots don't constantly check the gauge to make sure that they are at the right altitude. 84 00:06:39,340 --> 00:06:42,750 They let autopilot put them at the right altitude. 85 00:06:42,760 --> 00:06:44,840 So they will set it in autopilot. 86 00:06:44,840 --> 00:06:46,130 This is where we need to fly. 87 00:06:46,130 --> 00:06:51,680 This is the altitude that we need to maintain autopilot will do that for them so that they can concentrate 88 00:06:51,680 --> 00:06:53,260 on high level tasks. 89 00:06:53,270 --> 00:06:55,610 That's where we're going with network automation. 90 00:06:55,640 --> 00:06:56,350 You could accept it. 91 00:06:56,350 --> 00:06:58,110 This is the way it's going to go. 92 00:06:58,130 --> 00:07:00,960 You manually configuring stuff is not the future. 93 00:07:01,040 --> 00:07:05,440 If you want to work on your future then spend time learning the stuff. 94 00:07:05,450 --> 00:07:08,140 Now autopilot won't take care of every situation. 95 00:07:08,150 --> 00:07:12,050 Just like network automation won't take care of every situation. 96 00:07:12,230 --> 00:07:19,250 There are times when a human has to get involved a pilot if a plane is coming towards him shouldn't 97 00:07:19,250 --> 00:07:22,890 be trying to configure the airplane using autopilot. 98 00:07:22,910 --> 00:07:28,880 You should grab the controls of the plane and move the plane out of the way. 99 00:07:29,240 --> 00:07:32,590 If there's a fire in your network fire. 100 00:07:32,600 --> 00:07:36,720 If there's something going wrong in the network you as an engineer need to jump in and fix it. 101 00:07:36,770 --> 00:07:42,870 If auto pilot on a Tesla is doing something wrong we need to grab the steering wheel and correct autopilot. 102 00:07:42,890 --> 00:07:46,910 So Tesla's as an example want you to keep holding the steering wheel to make sure that you're alert 103 00:07:46,910 --> 00:07:48,510 and that you haven't fallen asleep. 104 00:07:48,680 --> 00:07:52,740 So I mean you see there's all these kinds of crazy youtube videos where guys are overriding that. 105 00:07:52,810 --> 00:07:54,170 It's obviously not recommended. 106 00:07:54,170 --> 00:08:01,880 The idea is let auto pilot do the mundane repetitive boring tasks but you might get an alert when you 107 00:08:01,880 --> 00:08:06,670 have to jump in and fix something or correct something something has changed something has gone wrong. 108 00:08:06,670 --> 00:08:07,930 You have to get involved. 109 00:08:07,970 --> 00:08:12,680 So you still need to understand networking to resolve issues when they do happen. 110 00:08:12,680 --> 00:08:18,530 Networking skills are not going to go away we still need networking skills for enterprises for the data 111 00:08:18,530 --> 00:08:24,170 center for the cloud networking skills are still required just the way we do things are going to be 112 00:08:24,170 --> 00:08:25,100 different. 113 00:08:25,100 --> 00:08:31,520 I mean I'm quite old so I remember the days where I used to have to drive with a map. 114 00:08:31,850 --> 00:08:36,070 So in the UK we had a to z maps or ATC for my American friends. 115 00:08:36,170 --> 00:08:41,800 So we had this map these books that you would go and buy in the shops and then you would plan your journey. 116 00:08:41,900 --> 00:08:45,260 And I remember going into London and it was a nightmare. 117 00:08:45,260 --> 00:08:51,100 London is not like South Africa or like the US where the roads are neat blocks. 118 00:08:51,200 --> 00:08:56,410 So because of history the roads are like windy and small. 119 00:08:56,500 --> 00:09:02,740 And it's it's not easy to navigate as it is say in the US or in South Africa. 120 00:09:02,780 --> 00:09:08,090 So it was a nightmare with an 80s at trying to look in a book trying to drive. 121 00:09:08,210 --> 00:09:12,710 I mean that's illegal so someone would have to help me so they would have to try and give me directions 122 00:09:12,710 --> 00:09:16,730 and my wife would want to kill me because we would drive past the street and say we just composed the 123 00:09:16,730 --> 00:09:20,220 street and she would try and find it in the book and it was a nightmare. 124 00:09:20,360 --> 00:09:22,140 So much easier to use satnav. 125 00:09:22,220 --> 00:09:29,270 So I put in my destination and I'm told way to go and if I miss a street it automatically recalculate 126 00:09:29,270 --> 00:09:33,860 and says OK you're supposed to turn right there but you've missed that in go another two streets and 127 00:09:33,860 --> 00:09:37,150 then turn left or turn right and you'll get back onto track. 128 00:09:37,460 --> 00:09:43,820 So let the machines do that kind of stuff so that we can concentrate on high level tasks. 129 00:09:43,820 --> 00:09:51,320 I mean the amount of stress trying to drive in London with a book map rather than satnav was crazy. 130 00:09:51,320 --> 00:09:57,250 I mean pilots in the old days trying to draw a fly should I say for hours and hours manually now they 131 00:09:57,250 --> 00:09:58,300 don't have to do that. 132 00:09:58,480 --> 00:10:06,190 Today we still drive a lot of us with cars that don't have Tesla autopilot but you can imagine where 133 00:10:06,190 --> 00:10:11,670 this is going to go in 5 10 20 years where more and more cars would have autopilot. 134 00:10:11,860 --> 00:10:17,790 So we can rest while we're driving rather than the whole time trying to monitor everything. 135 00:10:17,800 --> 00:10:23,500 I mean we are today monitoring networks manually in many cases and then we having to fix things Let 136 00:10:23,980 --> 00:10:29,590 the machines do that let the machines do the mundane boring repetitive stuff so that we can concentrate 137 00:10:29,590 --> 00:10:30,460 on the high level stuff.