It's also a single broadcast domain.
In other words if a device like a sends a broadcast everyone in the network would receive that broadcast
and would need to process the broadcast when a device receives a broadcast.
It will process it in other words it will receive it on the network interface card and then forward
it to upper layers in the model.
So as an example the you know central processing unit of a PC would be interrupted when a PC receives
the broadcast.
So if device A starts jabbering in other words starts sending many many broadcasts on to the network
those broadcasts would be received by all the devices in the network and every device would be interrupted
and would have to process the broadcast.
So the Seabee use of every PC would be interrupted by every broadcast sent by a.
And would need to process that broadcast if we're sending a broadcast but the traffic was only intended
will be both C and D would still have to receive that broadcast processor and drop it.
But the problem is they C-p use were interrupted which may cause the PC to slow down.
Thus because of the issues with regard to maximum segment length maximum hosts on a segment and cable
breaks 10 base to is replaced with 10 base t 10 base T uses unshielded twisted pair.
It's very unlikely that you're going to encounter 10 base two in today's networks.
So 10 base T or twisted PE Ethan It refers to the use of cable that contains insulated copper wires
twisted together in pairs with a maximum distance of 100 meters.
The cable is a lot thinner and more flexible than coaxial cable which was used in both 10 base 2 and
10 base five networks and 10 base t we tend to use unshielded twisted cables shielded twisted cables
may be used in noisy environments where there's a shield around each pair of wires plus an overrule
shield around the cables to protect them against excessive electrical magnetic interference.
This may be caused as an example way network cables are close to electrical cables.
So additional protection is required.
But most networks tend to use unshielded twisted pay where the cables are not shielded against interference
in the same way.
Once again 10 base T means 10 megabits per second base means baseband rather than broadband.
Te means twisted pair with a maximum segment size of 100 meters.
The connectors used Arjay 45 connectors as seen here and you've probably connected an RJ 45 connected
to your pc many times in the past on shielded twisted pay.
All you T-P is a set of four pairs of wires with each wire in a PE being twisted around the other to
prevent electromagnetic interference.
As an example notice here we have a price to pay for pays.
Make up the UDP used in Ethernet each wire has a color coded plastic insulation and the wires on it
inside and out a jacket in an Ethernet environment.
The wires connect to an RJ 45 connector as shown here.
The advantage of UDP on Twisted PE is it's less expensive and easier to install than other cabling implementations
such as shielded twisted PE or coaxial cable.
There are various categories of GP which I'll talk about in a moment.
The maximum distance is 100 metres without the use of a signal regeneration device such as a Hubbell's
switch.
So this is the type of cabling you'll probably encounter many many times in your networking career.
UDP users Arjay 45 connectors.
So let's talk about the pin positions on an RJ 45 connector.
There are two main implementations which are te 5 6 8 A and T 5 6 8 B and there's a slight difference
with the pairing of cabling in each implementation.
TIAA III a 5 6 8 was developed to define standards for telecommunications cabling systems UIA is the
electronic industry alliance and is a standards based organization.
TIAA A.
Yeah a 5 6 8 see attempts to define structured cabling standards so the difference between a and b is
the pairing of cabling.
No it isn't a white green stripe and green solid or connected to pins 1 and 2.
Where as in B.
White orange stripe and solid orange are connected to one and two.
So they are subtle differences between the cabling of orange and green in five six a day and 5:06 a
B.
Now this will make no difference as both configurations.
Wire the pin straight through.
In other words pin one goes to pin one on both sides of the cable.
Point two goes to pintu and so forth and so on.
So notice on pin 1 it's white green in six a day but is white orange in five six a B.
The most popular implementation tends to be B but it'll make no difference which one is used as long
as both sides are connected straight through.
Now you could purchase pre-made cables or you may decide to crimp your own cables pre-made cables tend
to be more expensive but have the advantage that they've been tested as well as the advantage that you
don't have to make them yourself.
Crimping tables yourself is cheaper and you can make your cables for the lengths that you require when
crimping your own cables.
You need to separate each individual colored wire in the right order and then stick each colored wire
into the appropriate slot on the RJ 45 connector.
You then use a crimping tool to crimp the wire.
And finally don't forget to make sure that you test your cable to ensure that you've crimped it correctly
straight through.
Cable is a type of twisted pick copper cable which you're going to find very often in local area networks
all lands in a standard straight through cable each pin of the connector on one end is connected to
the corresponding pin on the other connector.
In other words pin 1 on the MDI device in this case a PC is connected to pin one on an MDX device which
in this case is a hub.
Pin 2 connects to pin 2 pin 3 to pin 3 and so forth and so on MDI all media independent interface is
an Ethernet port connection typically used on Network Interface Cards or Pnyx of PCs.
MDI is also used by routers and can be used on uplink ports on ethernet switches on certain older switches.
You'll see a button normally on the uplink port that allows you to change how that port operates so
you can change the mode from MDI to MDI X or back again.
This allows you to connect to one switch to another switch using a straight through cable rather than
using a crossover cable which I'll mention in a moment.
So in the past you may have connected your PC to a hub such as these two using a straight through cable.
Now straight through cables are used to in situations where you connect a PC to a switch or a PC to
a bridge or a PC to a hub.
I'm going to explain how these devices work in a moment and the differences between a hub bridge and
switch but from a cabling point of view you would use a straight through cable from your PC to one of
these devices in the past when connecting devices of the same type such as PCs or two routers a crossover
cable would be used.
So in this case rather than the pins being straight they crossed.
So in this example we have two MDI devices.
In other words two PCs which need to communicate and thus a crossover cable would be required.
This is an example for 10 base T or 100 base T-Max in this example pins 4 5 7 and 8 are not used but
notice pin one is crossed with pin 3 pin two with pin 6 pin 3 with pin 1 and pin 6 with Pente.
In other words the T-Rex or transmat and aurochs will receive are correctly cabled so that x plus is
connected to or X plus and so forth and so on pins 4 5 7 and 8 are configured in the straight through
format but are unused.
In this example.