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Routing protocols use different criteria to determine the best part to a destination.

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As an example with static routes the administrator

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decides which path the traffic will take.

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With RIP hop count is the determining factor or criteria

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and with OSPF bandwidth is the determining factor.

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We as humans do this all the time when driving from point A to point B

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we will determine the best path to take based on criteria

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such as the speed limit, congestion on a highway

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or motorway, the amount of time we have

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and perhaps some other criteria, essentially you are working out

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the best route to take from point A to point B

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based on some criteria that’s important to you.

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Typically to get from point A to point B in the shortest time possible.

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in the same way in this topology

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when traffic is sent from San Francisco to San Jose

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which path will the traffic take?

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as an example, when using the RIP routing protocol

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RIP would send the traffic directly from San Francisco to San Jose

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RIP doesn’t take bandwidth into account

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so if we had a network of 10.1.1.0 in San Francisco

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and a network of 10.1.2.0 in San Jose

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RIP would take the direct path between those 2 networks

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and that’s because the number of hops is less than going via New York.

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RIP will not send traffic via New York

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it will send the traffic directly between San Francisco and San Jose

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RIP, however, is not considering the bandwidth of the links

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so even though there are fewer hops

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it may be quicker to send the traffic via New York rather than directly.

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OSPF, on the other hand, takes bandwidth into account

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so, in this case, OSPF would send the traffic via New York

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because the link speeds are greater.

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OSPF is a more powerful routing protocol and makes better decisions

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because it takes bandwidth into account when determining the best path.

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RIP doesn’t it simply looks at the number of hops from point A to point B.

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this is a very basic topology

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simply used as an example to show you how routing protocols

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determine the best path or best route to a destination.

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The moral of the story is as follows:

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different routing protocols have different criteria

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to determine the best path from A to B.

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OSPF once again takes bandwidth into account when determining the best path.

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RIP doesn’t, some routing protocols will make better decisions than other routing
protocols.

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Generally, today you’re going to use either OSPF or EIGRP in most enterprise networks.

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EIGRP is a popular routing protocol when you have a Cisco only network.

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EIGRP is a proprietary Cisco routing protocol

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and may not be supported by other vendors

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OSPF is an industry standard routing protocol

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and is therefore better to use when you have a multi-vendor network.