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Welcome back in this section I'd like to show you the Cisco IP phone start up process and by doing that

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explained the infrastructure requirements for Cisco IP phones to function we need to talk about power

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the lands IP addressing configurations firmware and so forth which are all required for Cisco IP phones

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to function before getting Dolton on a Cisco IP phone.

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A sequence of events has to take place and infrastructure needs to be provided for the phone to function.

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In this section I'd like to explain phone startup in more detail.

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I'd also like to give you more detail on skinny client control protocol or a CCP commonly known as skinny

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and session Initiation Protocol or SAP.

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So this section assumes that you've been through the introductory sections and you understand what a

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codec is.

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You have an understanding of the history of voice technologies and a basic foundation to voice.

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Now this is an important overview of the phone start up process and I would remember the steps before

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troubleshooting in the real world and for study purposes.

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I'm going to mention the process in brief now and then in the following slides we're going to dive into

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each of these topics in a lot of detail.

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The first thing the phone requires is power.

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So the phone will obtain power from the switch or from world power or by using misspend power.

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So the phone will obtain power from a switch.

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For example the phone once it has obtained power will load it's a locally stored image.

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This can cause a lot of confusion.

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The phone will boot up with the image files stored locally and the configuration that it had previously.

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So if a phone has a configuration already it will use that configuration when it boots up.

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The switch will then provide the information to the phone using either CD or L-L DP.

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Once again I'll discuss those in more detail in upcoming slides.

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Once the phone has its Villon it will require an IP address and Wolf for instance get an IP address

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from a DHP server.

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DHP uses a very special option.

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Option one fifty two point the phone to a TFT B server.

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The phone will then download its firmware and configuration from a TFT server.

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If the locally stored image file or firmware is a different version to the version that it's meant to

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use when connecting to a C UCM for example the phone will upgrade its firmware.

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It will also download its configuration from the TFT the server will then register using either skinny

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or set to the C UCM and then in Skinny's case it will download its soft template.

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This EUCOM essentially sends a soft template to the phone using skinny messages.

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So that's an overview of the phone start a process.

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Let's dive into the details.

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I once again what does a phone require to function and the first thing is power.

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There are multiple ways to provide power to an IP phone.

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The first method is to use a power Q We a local power adapter is used to provide power to the phone.

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This would typically be used where power of the ethernet or Peary's not available.

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I've just put the pod code for one of the adapters here.

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Please check the specifications of the individual handset so that the right power cube is ordered for

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a specific handset.

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Typically a phone is connected directly to a switch and a PC is connected to the back of the phone.

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The phone requires power to operate and this is the first method to provide power to the phone and one

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of the most simple methods.

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However it does have multiple disadvantages.

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If power is lost to the Boulding phones will no longer be able to make and receive calls.

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So U.P.S. would be required on each individual power key and that doesn't scale well so these days this

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is one of the least used methods.

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A second option would be to use a power injector where misspend powers provided to the fine this would

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be typically used where a switch does not support power of the Senate.

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So the switch is physically connected to a power injector and the power injectors physically connected

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to the phone with the power injector providing power to the handset.

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So notice here on the back of the power injector there are two ports one to connect back to the switch

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and one to connect to the phone.

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The power injector would be physically powered from a wall socket.

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The advantage of this method is that you do not have to upgrade switches and the power injector would

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typically reside in a wiring closet where there may be U.P.S. power in the real world.

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This is typically used where you have a single or a small number of phones connected to a switch and

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it's less costly to purchase power injectors than it is to replace the entire switch.

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The preferred and recommended way to provide power to IP phones and other devices is to use power over

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Ethernet.

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Historically power of Isa that was used for two main applications IP telephony and $8.2 Lebon wireless

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networking IP phones like stented PBX phones require 48 volts of power switches and other devices providing

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power unknown as power source equipment or PC devices and the phones are known as powered devices.

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Harvey Ethan is provided on 10s of 1 2 3 and 6.

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So the same pins used to transmit data that is different to the mid spent power that we discussed previously

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which uses pins 4 5 7 and 8.

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There are three main types of power of Ethernet.

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The first one is the original power over ethernet or P E developed by Cisco many years ago.

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This provided 6.3 watts of power to the phones.

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Older models of phones that you may encounter like the 79 60 and 70 940 you Ciscos P.O.D. and requies

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6.3 watts of power.

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The Industry Standard editor two or three A.F. was ratified to provide interoperability between multiple

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vendors phones and network equipment.

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So you can connect a Nortel phone to a Cisco switch or Cisco phone to an HP switch.

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They are different classes of devices and attitude or 3am IP phones fall into what is called Class 3

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which provides power at fifteen point four watts.

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Since the completion and ratification of the Triple E Ada 2.3 AAF stented the required power consumption

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for these devices has begun to extend beyond the level specified in the standard.

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Specifically with the introduction of triple E Ada 2.0 11 in wireless technology.

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There is now a requirement to provide power above the maximum of fifteen point for what's available

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in a row 2.3 standard.

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Cisco also has an extension to 8 or 2 or 3 A.F. providing up to 20 watts of power known as power of

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it isn't it.

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Plus here E-plus was developed because Cisco did not want to wait for the ratification of a two or three

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eighty here plus allowed for the immediate implementation of technologies requiring power greater than

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fifteen point four watts.

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The introduction of networked devices that require more than fifteen point four watts has forced the

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Tripoli to develop a new pillowy standard that can deliver even more power than what was defined in

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the I triple E attitude or three standard.

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The new standard edited at 380.

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Also known as P.O.D. Pless is designed to deliver up to 30 watts of power per port.

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The two that we can concentrate on in the course of power over the net or P.O.D. and edited or three

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A.F. which also goes by the name P.O.D..

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Just note the names P.O.D. is often used to refer to Ada 2.3 AEF that an older documentation it refers

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to Cisco's proprietary implementation of power of Ethernet.

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So just read carefully between the lines to know which power is actually being referenced.

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Another advantage of power of the Internet is that the switch can dynamically and automatically discover

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whether an IP phone is plugged into a port or whether a PC or other device is plugged into that port

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in Cisco's original implementation.

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A fast link pulse or if LP was sent down the wire to detect whether a phone was connected or not.

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So the switch would send an if all peed on the wire and in its unpowered state the phone would the loop

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back.

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They fell to the switch if LPs are normally used for speed and duplex negotiation.

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So the switch wouldn't normally expect to see it's own.

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If OLP return to it.

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But in this case the phone does and the switch therefore knows that an IP phone is connected to it and

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can provide power down to the handset.

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The Industry Standard editor for three A-F uses a different method to detect the presence of an IP phone

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in edited or if the power sourcing equipment or switch in this case applies a small current limited

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voltage to the cable so a DC voltage is applied to the cable.

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We obviously want to make sure that no damage is possible to the equipment that might be present in

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an Ethernet system.

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So the switches are going to look for a device that complies with the ADA 2.3 specification and thus

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applies a DC voltage between the transmit and receive Pais on the Senate cable and then measures the

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received current in amps or voltage received the switchy expects to receive a 25 K resistance between

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the pays for the device attached to be considered a valid powered device.

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In other words the switch is looking for this resistance from the phone or other type of device to ensure

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that it's a valid powered device.

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If the switch or PC does not detect a valid resistance power is not applied to the port.

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But if a power device is discovered power is applied and optionally a powered device specification can

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be done.

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The PC can then detect what a cold a two or three clauses by default Siska switches the sign phones

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or other power devices to close to zero.

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None edited or created.

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We have clauses 0 1 2 and 3 clause 0 has a maximum power of fifteen point four watts which is the default

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clause allocated to a powered device.

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The switch in the phone can negotiate the amount of power required.

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So for example a 79 41 with 79 61 phone is deemed to be a class 2 device.

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And through CTP can negotiate down to 6.3 watts of power 79 65 for example is deemed to be a Class 3

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device that's using 15 point four watts of maximum power.

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But through CTP can negotiate down to only use 12 watts of power a 79 71 also a close three device who'll

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negotiate down to fourteen point nine watts of power.

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Now the amount of power required by different phone varies firstly on the phone model as you can see

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in this example.

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And also the state of the phone as an example is seventy nine seventy one phone in the idle state only

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requires nine point one seven watts of power and a maximum power consumption of twelve point to eight

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what's phone model and features and use of preferences can increase the power consumption on a fine

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point since if it's a color screen versus Gray scale the gigabit ethernet line speed the ring and speakerphone

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volume and the illuminated keys such as message waiting light and line buttons for this course you don't

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need to know the amount of detail but I just want you to be away in the real world.

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Different phones require different amounts of power and that's you need to be careful when specifying

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your switches in a real world environment.

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Now certain phones in the 80 900 series and 90 900 series are deemed to be close for a day or two or

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three devices.

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In other words they are eight to 380 devices in certain cases that require more power especially with

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the use of external add on devices like a video camera.

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Now the power requirements for individual hence a very we're not going to go through a comprehensive

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list.

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I've mentioned some examples already.

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Please refer to the data sheets and other information for details of the power requirements for individual

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phones and individual power over the net devices such as access points.

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However Glassford devices may require more than fifteen point four watts of power.

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For example a Cecka error it quoll 50 series access point requires eighteen point five watts of power

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thus exceeding the fifteen point four watts in attitude or three.

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If this is required to support Ada 10:58 and we are not going to go through it in this course but there's

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a calculator on Cisco's website called The Power calculator which allows you to work out how much power

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is required in a specific switch or PC to power a certain number of phones or wireless access points.