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So to configure a port on a switch as a trunk port supporting Cisco IP phones you would do the following.

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So first the on off switch.

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Well in this case the U.S. 500 I'm going to top the command show the LAN switch to see villans as you

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can see here we've got a default LAN and we've got our voice feline which is Bil'in to all interfaces

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are currently in the native land.

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In other words the default Bil'in So going into global configuration mode I can become Come on interface

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range if zero slash one slash one up to three and then I can type the command switchboard trunk encapsulation

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and then specify an encapsulation.

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Now in the past we may have chosen ISIL or editor or one key subscriber earphones only support one key.

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So we get to specify one key that I'm going to say switchboard mode trunk to force these ports to trunk

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and then switch port trunk native villaine one then I'm going to type switchboard with voice plan and

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in our case it's vigilante tapping the command do show run interface if 0 1 slash 1 will show me the

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running configuration of that specific port.

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I remember default commands don't show up in the running config.

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So you won't necessarily see all the commands we've just typed because some of them are they by default

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but as you can see here the port is trunking and the voice line is Vicente.

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The problem here is that all the lands will be allowed across the sea port which could potentially cause

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that issue where broad costs affect the processing of Cisco IP phones.

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So we should manually prune the trunk.

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So I'm going to to the command Switchfoot trunk allowed the plan and then I'm going to specify the villains

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that are allowed on certain switches you might only need to specify the voice Villon but in the U.S.

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500 I'm going to specify all the default villans Plus the voice of the land now tapping the command

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do show run and the specific interface shows me that I'm only allowing the native land Bil'in one on

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Ethernet Berlanti which is my voice villain and the other default villans supported on Cisco switches.

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So once again do show villans switch will allow me to see those default the lens one is the default

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the Ethernet.

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And then we have the villains for AFTI and Token Ring.

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So that's all you can figure an interface to support trunking.

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It's no longer recommended.

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But if you have an older switch you may need to configure it in this way.

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Last Yakutat the command show interface if 0 1 slash 1 switchboard and notice you can see here that

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the administrative mode is trunk the operational mode at the moment is trunk and kept solution has dropped

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one key.

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The native land is villaine one which is the default.

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The villains enabled across this interface all 1 to 1000 to 1005 the active villains at the moment of

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the 1 and 2.

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The voice the lion is the Leonti the recommended way to implement IP phones in a network infrastructure

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is to use multiple the land access ports.

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In this example we are configuring the port on the switch as an excess port but still configuring TV

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lands on that port.

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The phone will be in the voice Fillon and the PC will be in the data villaine tagged frame's will be

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sent to the phone so edited or one key frames are still used.

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Even though this is an access port untagged frames are sent to the PC.

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Now this flies in the face of what you learned in this CCMA course in the CCMA course we learnt then

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an access port belongs to a single plan that is not the case in this scenario.

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In this scenario the access port has to villans configured on it.

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Now there are multiple advantages to this method of implementation.

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The first one is that a multivalent access port can be configured as a secure port unlike the previous

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example where we configured the port as a trunk.

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The voice of an ID can also be discovered through CTP or L-L DP.

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So the manual configuration of villans on the phone is not required.

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It also allows for scalability from an IP addressing point of view.

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The issue that you may encounter in the real world is that if a glossy address has been allocated to

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your PCs and let's say using 80 percent of your addresses say 80 percent of the IP addresses and that

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subnet have been allocated to physical devices like PCs and now you Ed Cisco IP phones to the mix youre

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centrally doubling the amount of devices that you only have 20 percent of the IP addresses remaining

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in that subnet.

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So you cannot put the phones and the PC in the same subnet without redoing your IP addressing.

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However if you put your phones into a separate subnet that doesn't affect the IP addressing of the PCs

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so you allocate a separate subnet for IP phones and the IP subnet allocated to the PCs is left alone.

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Theres also a logical separation of voice and data traffic because the phones on a separate subnet to

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the PCs it's easier to implement quality of service it's easier to implement your access lists and it's

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easier to implement security.

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So that's a major advantage to separating the phones in the PCs into separate subnets two devices can

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also be connected to a single port on the switch which minimizes cabling.

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Your PC is physically connected to the phone which is physically connected to the switch across a single

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cable.

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However logically the phone and the PC on separate cables because they are indifferent to the lens but

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physically you saving on cabling the multiple Bil'in access port.

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Implementation tends to be the most common in the real world and is the recommended way to implement

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IP phones to configure a multiple violent access port on an interface.

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Do the following so on you see 500 or an off switch are going to top the C'mon show Villon switch to

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see the villans configured at the moment we have Bil'in one configured on ports.

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If 0 1 0 2 0 1 slash 8 no interfaces on the voice Villon I can also do the come on show run interface

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if 0 1 slash 1 to show you the configuration on this interface.

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And you can see just defaulted the configuration all ports are in excess VLAN 1.

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So going into a global config mode and tapping on interface range if 0 1 0 1 2 3 in other words we're

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going to configure the three ports that have IP phones connected to them.

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I cannot type the command switchboard mode access making these ports access ports which is the default.

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And I can tap the command switchboard voice with the land and switchboard access villaine one now typing

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the command show run interface if 0 1 slash 1 shows me that that interface has been configured with

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a voice VLAN.

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We don't see the native land or the data plan or the access to the LAN because Villon one is the default

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reelin and default configurations don't show up in the running config.

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But topping the command show interface of zero once one switch port allows me to see the voice and data

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we learn more clearly.

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So on the interface it's been configured as a static access port and is acting as a static access port.

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The access to the plan is villaine one the default and notice the voice feelin is villaine too.

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So even though the operational mode is static access in other words this is acting as an access port.

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We are allowing billons one in two across this port.

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The fourth way to implement IP phones is to use a 2.1.

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He now $82 1 p frame's use the three boats in the edited or 1 Q header to allow for the prioritization

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of voice traffic over data traffic.

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There are three beds in an editor or one to header called the costs or loss of service.

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Let's talk more about these later.

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Essentially editor 1 p allows for the mocking of voice traffic with a value of five in the course feel

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allowing the switch to see voice traffic has higher priority than data traffic and with a single villain

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access port using editor 1.

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P The interface is in a single the LAN.

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So both the phone and the PC are in the land too but the phone is going to send tagged frames to the

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switch.

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Now because this is a standard access port the phone uses a special the land number in the edit to the

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one Q header to allow for the use of a read through one keyframes.

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Now just to recap from the CCMA was a standard Ethan at frame as a source and destination field a length

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for each time the data and then a frame check sequence when edited or one cue is used.

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A tag is inserted between the source and destination address and the length and either taught field.

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That tag consists of four bytes 16 bits is the tag protocol identifier and then the remaining 16 bits

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consist of the priority code point or priority field.

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The canonical format indicator and the villain ID now editor 1 p specifies the meaning of the priority

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field or class of service or Crossfield the property code point field is three bits in length.

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In other words the binary values are from triple 0 to triple 1 and decimal values is 0 2 7.

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The high priority value the more important the traffic and thus voice will have a binary value of 1

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0 1 or the equivalent decimal value of 5.

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So the phone is sending a 2 to 1 keyframes to the switch on an access port with the cost field or priority

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code point field set to 5.

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In other words it's sending an edit to the one frame to the switch.

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Now just to reiterate terminology an editor or one cue header is inserted in the Ethan frame which looks

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as follows.

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Edit 2 to 1 p denotes the meaning or values of the already feel or cause feel the value specified here.

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Form part of the recommendations of Ada to the one P..

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So once again Ed. 1 p specifies the different classes or values of the priority field in an attitude

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or one queue header.

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The phone is setting the value of the cost field to 5 when sending frame's to the switch.

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The switch therefore knows that traffic from the phone has a higher priority than traffic from the PC.

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Now that explains how one can be used for quality of service.

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But in this example this is an access port.

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In other words it's not a trunk port.

128
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It's an access port.

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Only one villain has been configured on this port Vila and 2.

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So when sending traffic to the switch a villain number has to be specified by the phone and a villain

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number used in this case is a villain Zerah the switch therefore knows that when it receives an editor

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the one Q frame with the villain number set to 0 that the phone still belongs to the villain configured

133
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on this port as the access villain.

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So all traffic from the phone and the PC reside in the Leonti the phone is not in a separate Bil'in

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00:13:06,180 --> 00:13:09,760
to the PC they both belong to be Leonti.

136
00:13:10,070 --> 00:13:18,840
Thus the use of the special Bil'in of zero when sending editor or one keyframes to the switch on this

137
00:13:18,950 --> 00:13:20,650
access port.

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So to configure EDOT 2 to 1 p on an access port you need to do the following.

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So before configuring the switch or the U.S. 500 Let's have a look at our villans.

140
00:13:33,590 --> 00:13:41,650
So as you can see here all interfaces on the default Bil'in of the line one once again show run interface

141
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if zero once one shows us that the interface has a default configuration on it going into global config

142
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mode tapping typing interface the range.

143
00:13:52,930 --> 00:14:01,650
If 0 1 stash 1 2 3 the interfaces that have iPhones connected to them I can type the command switch

144
00:14:01,650 --> 00:14:05,270
Ford mode access.

145
00:14:05,580 --> 00:14:12,080
So these ports are not going to be configured as trunk's they configure it as access ports switch port

146
00:14:13,520 --> 00:14:17,670
voice the LAN dot one.

147
00:14:18,330 --> 00:14:22,360
You specify the use of dot one on these ports.

148
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Switch port access in the land to noticed we are not specifying a voice Vilanova up.

149
00:14:31,970 --> 00:14:35,350
We are specifying an Access Villano of T.

150
00:14:35,780 --> 00:14:43,770
So once again show run interface if 0 1 slash 1 shows me that this port is in the land too.

151
00:14:44,240 --> 00:14:50,830
It's an access port but we are using edited a one p on this interface.

152
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The phones will transmit traffic to the switch as tag frames using Wheatland zero in the real identifier.

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Both the phone and the PC are in the land to that concludes part 1 of our discussion of the Cisco phone

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startup process.

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00:15:12,490 --> 00:15:20,260
We discussed how an IP phone obtains power Aviles information is provided to the phone using CTP or

156
00:15:20,270 --> 00:15:27,430
L-L DP in the next part we are going to continue the discussion by looking at how an IP phone acquires

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00:15:27,430 --> 00:15:35,560
an IP address downloads its firmware and configuration and registers with a C UCM will also discuss

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the signalling protocols of skinny and thank you for watching.