1 00:00:09,030 --> 00:00:17,410 The second step consists of setting the seventh but of the 64 bit address this but identifies the 40 2 00:00:17,410 --> 00:00:17,630 A. 3 00:00:17,650 --> 00:00:24,510 But MAC addresses uniqueness or lack there of an ethernet address has two significances. 4 00:00:24,720 --> 00:00:31,830 It's either globally managed or locally managed globally managed means that you use the Venda MAC address 5 00:00:32,430 --> 00:00:36,980 locally managed means that you rewrite the MAC address with your own value. 6 00:00:36,990 --> 00:00:41,200 In other words you change the MAC address to a locally significant value. 7 00:00:41,580 --> 00:00:42,290 So that's 7. 8 00:00:42,330 --> 00:00:49,890 But all the usual bet is set to either one which means the address is unique or set to zero meaning 9 00:00:49,890 --> 00:00:52,020 the address is not unique. 10 00:00:52,020 --> 00:00:56,250 Now in this example let's assume that we're using a vendor MAC address. 11 00:00:56,550 --> 00:01:04,260 So in other words this but get sick to one if you have a binary value of six zeros followed by one followed 12 00:01:04,260 --> 00:01:05,470 by zero. 13 00:01:05,490 --> 00:01:09,930 Converting that back to hexadecimal will give you a value of zero. 14 00:01:10,260 --> 00:01:18,570 So just to reiterate you have a hexadecimal value of 0 0 that's converted into binary the seventh binary 15 00:01:18,570 --> 00:01:24,810 but is either set to 1 or 0 depending whether its globally unique or not globally unique. 16 00:01:24,810 --> 00:01:28,590 That is then converted back to hexadecimal. 17 00:01:28,620 --> 00:01:37,410 So once again the V-6 aggregate of all global unicast address is 128 bits in length half of the address 18 00:01:37,500 --> 00:01:43,450 is the network prefix which is 64 bits and half of the addresses the interface identify which is 64 19 00:01:43,450 --> 00:01:49,060 bits the network prefix is broken up into two major parts. 20 00:01:49,160 --> 00:01:53,960 You have the global routing prefix which is used for the public apology. 21 00:01:53,960 --> 00:01:59,900 In other words the Internet and the subnet ID which is used for the site topology. 22 00:02:00,080 --> 00:02:06,710 In other words the subnet portion of the address would be used to create subnets within an enterprise 23 00:02:06,770 --> 00:02:10,510 or within an organization or within a site. 24 00:02:10,820 --> 00:02:12,730 It's 16 but same length. 25 00:02:12,950 --> 00:02:21,080 That means that a service provider will give you a slash 48 subnet for every site organization that 26 00:02:21,080 --> 00:02:29,510 you manage that gives you 16 bits for subnets which allows you to create 65000 536 subnets within your 27 00:02:29,510 --> 00:02:34,070 organization from one subnet given to you by the service provider. 28 00:02:34,370 --> 00:02:40,770 You would continue using a 64 mosque on every link no matter whether it's a point to point link or anything 29 00:02:40,770 --> 00:02:47,480 that subnet the service provider network consists of a slush Forty-Eight network your internal networks 30 00:02:47,480 --> 00:02:50,380 consist of flesh 64 subnets. 31 00:02:50,390 --> 00:02:58,190 So once again the ISP will allocate forty eight subnet you will allocate a slice 64 subnet to each interface. 32 00:02:58,190 --> 00:03:05,840 Once again no need to do complicated submitting all your subnets are slash 64 was from the slash forty 33 00:03:05,840 --> 00:03:09,110 eight that you were allocated by your service provider. 34 00:03:09,110 --> 00:03:16,460 Remember there is no net all internal addresses within your organization by using these IP V-6 aggregated 35 00:03:16,490 --> 00:03:24,970 all global unicast addresses which are the equivalent of public IP addresses with an IP version 4 the 36 00:03:25,080 --> 00:03:29,060 version 6 address is actually broken up into more fields. 37 00:03:29,080 --> 00:03:34,030 I wouldn't worry too much about this but I just want to show you the actual format for this aggregated 38 00:03:34,150 --> 00:03:35,890 global unicast address. 39 00:03:36,130 --> 00:03:40,320 You firstly have the interface identify which has 64 bits in length. 40 00:03:40,580 --> 00:03:46,300 I've explained that that identifies the equivalent of the host portion in an IP version 4 address. 41 00:03:46,570 --> 00:03:52,830 The next part is the SLA ID or site level aggregation identifier. 42 00:03:52,870 --> 00:04:00,040 This is like your subnet identifier which represents subnets within an organization its 16 bits in length 43 00:04:00,370 --> 00:04:06,080 giving you over 65000 subnets to use within a site or an organization. 44 00:04:06,190 --> 00:04:11,450 Then you have the ID which is the next level aggregation identifier. 45 00:04:11,860 --> 00:04:13,790 And this will be used by your ISP. 46 00:04:14,430 --> 00:04:21,400 They are a reserved bits which are not currently used and then you have the TSA ID which is the top 47 00:04:21,400 --> 00:04:28,540 level aggregation identifier used by various regional Internet registries around the world the Internet 48 00:04:28,540 --> 00:04:36,260 registries will then assign TLM IDs to large eyes is specifically transit providers and exchanges. 49 00:04:36,640 --> 00:04:41,490 And then lastly we have the format prefix which is set to 001. 50 00:04:41,710 --> 00:04:48,430 Once again this portion of the address is the public typology and we are not particularly concerned 51 00:04:48,430 --> 00:04:55,900 with that in this course within enterprises or sites we would have the subnet ID which is used for site 52 00:04:55,900 --> 00:04:56,860 typology. 53 00:04:57,070 --> 00:05:03,290 And then once again the interface ID which is used as the host portion of an IP address. 54 00:05:03,520 --> 00:05:08,020 The advantage of this IP V-6 address layout is aggregation. 55 00:05:08,140 --> 00:05:13,940 It allows for aggregation or summarization of addresses within the global Internet. 56 00:05:13,960 --> 00:05:19,860 Just be aware as well that every IP V-6 interface contains at least one loopback address which is colon 57 00:05:19,860 --> 00:05:27,750 colon one slash 128 optioning interfaces might include multiple unique local and global addresses. 58 00:05:27,790 --> 00:05:32,230 This is an important concept in IP version for on a Cisco router. 59 00:05:32,320 --> 00:05:38,230 You can only allocate a single IP address as the primary IP address on that interface. 60 00:05:38,230 --> 00:05:42,220 All subsequent IP addresses are configured a secondary IP addresses. 61 00:05:42,400 --> 00:05:49,270 However an IP version 6 you can configure multiple primary IP addresses on an interface that's quite 62 00:05:49,270 --> 00:05:51,800 a major change from kabillion for. 63 00:05:52,090 --> 00:05:58,070 I'll show you in a moment when you enable IP V-6 on a Cisco routers interface multiple IP addresses 64 00:05:58,070 --> 00:06:01,000 are automatically allocated to that interface. 65 00:06:01,090 --> 00:06:07,770 And once again the whole reason for this address layout is aggregation and summarization. 66 00:06:07,950 --> 00:06:11,580 So let's look at global aggregation in Internet registry. 67 00:06:11,670 --> 00:06:14,010 We'll have for instance a slashed 16 address. 68 00:06:14,280 --> 00:06:23,090 So 2001 colon colon slash 16 a slash 32 subnet is allocated to an ISP. 69 00:06:23,250 --> 00:06:30,110 So in this example 2001 Carlon one two three four colon colon slash 32 is allocated let's say for instance 70 00:06:30,110 --> 00:06:38,750 to this ISP the service provider can then allocate a slash 48 submit to an organization or enterprise. 71 00:06:38,760 --> 00:06:45,600 So in this example let's assume that 2001 Colan one two three four colon one colon colon slash 48 is 72 00:06:45,600 --> 00:06:46,860 allocated to customer. 73 00:06:46,970 --> 00:06:56,190 A customer can then subnet the slash 48 to slash 64 submits and allocate those subnets to every interface 74 00:06:56,520 --> 00:06:58,410 within the organization. 75 00:06:58,410 --> 00:06:59,600 So notice 2001. 76 00:06:59,610 --> 00:07:04,290 2001 one two three four Colan one which is a slash Forty-Eight subnet. 77 00:07:04,350 --> 00:07:10,670 The Enterprise was allocated is submitted again to Colon to Colon colon. 78 00:07:10,710 --> 00:07:17,370 In other words a slash 64 subnet is allocated to this interface and then notice over here three is allocated 79 00:07:17,640 --> 00:07:22,020 to this interface all link just to help you once again with these addresses. 80 00:07:22,020 --> 00:07:29,200 Remember these values on hexadecimal a single value in hex equates to four binary bits. 81 00:07:29,400 --> 00:07:37,190 So we have one two three four hexadecimal values for hex values times for Issue 16 binary. 82 00:07:37,260 --> 00:07:38,060 That's. 83 00:07:38,220 --> 00:07:40,370 So this is actually a 16 bit address. 84 00:07:40,440 --> 00:07:43,560 Hence slash 16 by the same token here. 85 00:07:43,560 --> 00:07:52,470 Remember this is 16 and this is 16 set of values between the colons are 16 bit values so 16 for 16 gives 86 00:07:52,470 --> 00:07:53,220 you 32. 87 00:07:53,220 --> 00:07:55,650 So hence slash 32. 88 00:07:55,650 --> 00:07:58,810 Once again here we have another valley between Cullens. 89 00:07:58,860 --> 00:08:01,810 So it's 16 16 and 16. 90 00:08:01,980 --> 00:08:05,640 Remember leading zeros can be dropped in an address. 91 00:08:05,730 --> 00:08:16,170 So that gives you 48 bits in 48 and lost the this address there is 1 2 3 4 Baillieu's between Colon's 92 00:08:16,500 --> 00:08:18,550 leading zeroes have been dropped. 93 00:08:18,600 --> 00:08:23,040 So that's four times sixteen giving you slash 64. 94 00:08:23,110 --> 00:08:26,290 I hope that helps you decipher the address a little easier. 95 00:08:26,580 --> 00:08:33,980 Please note on these subnets we have not displayed the host portion of the address. 96 00:08:34,010 --> 00:08:37,940 Now without further ado let's set up a basic IP version 6 network. 97 00:08:37,970 --> 00:08:45,860 In this example I have Route 1 and route to both route as have a fost Ethan and interface of one's network 98 00:08:45,860 --> 00:08:48,600 and the cost Ethan and interface is going to be 2001. 99 00:08:48,600 --> 00:08:54,980 Column One column one code on one router to use force Ethernet subnet is going to be 2001 Carlon one 100 00:08:54,980 --> 00:09:01,600 Kolin one code and three the rod is connected by a serial link and the subnet is going to be two thousand 101 00:09:01,600 --> 00:09:04,200 in one color and one color in one color. 102 00:09:04,700 --> 00:09:10,640 Notice once again the subnet mask is always Sless 64 on all subnets. 103 00:09:10,680 --> 00:09:15,210 OK so in Rato one I'm going to break out of the initial configuration dialog 104 00:09:20,180 --> 00:09:29,590 get into global config mode it gives the Rodda a name and then I'm going to enable IPV sake's uni cost 105 00:09:29,680 --> 00:09:37,850 routeing so that we can run the B-6 on this Rodda and then I'm going to go into it 0 0 Foster Ethan 106 00:09:37,860 --> 00:09:44,660 ethernet interface and give it an address so IP V-6 and notice there are a lot of options here. 107 00:09:44,670 --> 00:09:51,060 But I'm going to specify a dress and then I'm going to specify an IP V-6 address. 108 00:09:51,190 --> 00:09:52,380 So 2001 109 00:09:56,080 --> 00:10:04,890 and in this case I'm going to give the interface an address of one that's as simple as that to configure 110 00:10:05,460 --> 00:10:08,000 an IP version 6 address on a router. 111 00:10:08,400 --> 00:10:12,020 This portion is the network portion. 112 00:10:12,090 --> 00:10:17,640 And notice we've got code on Colan So there are a bunch of zeros not displayed here. 113 00:10:18,570 --> 00:10:25,840 And we ending in a one and then I can no shut the interface and as you can see the interfaces come up 114 00:10:26,290 --> 00:10:30,160 so knock on top do paying two thousand and one 115 00:10:33,650 --> 00:10:35,050 and paying the kids race. 116 00:10:35,070 --> 00:10:40,280 And as you can see the ping is successful on the cereal zero interface. 117 00:10:40,290 --> 00:10:46,000 I can do the same thing IPV six the drapes 2001 118 00:10:52,030 --> 00:10:55,270 and on this side I'm giving in an address of Colan one. 119 00:10:55,300 --> 00:11:00,740 And on this side I'm going to give an address of colon to some rodded to do the same thing. 120 00:11:00,860 --> 00:11:10,630 Enable IPV six unit cost routing and then on it seriously I Ciro give it an IP V-6 address 2001 121 00:11:15,940 --> 00:11:20,230 no shut the interface and 0 0 0 given an address 122 00:11:27,500 --> 00:11:32,530 and I shut that interface. 123 00:11:32,550 --> 00:11:43,870 So hopefully now from rhotic to I should be able to ping roaded 1. 124 00:11:43,960 --> 00:11:49,330 That doesn't work because I forgot to note the interface on the side so I'll shut it and go back to 125 00:11:49,350 --> 00:11:50,460 reality. 126 00:11:50,770 --> 00:11:53,110 Well let's see if that pings succeeds this time. 127 00:11:54,540 --> 00:11:58,260 Get into face came up and as you can see the pink succeeded. 128 00:11:58,540 --> 00:12:03,160 It's as simple as that to configure IP addresses on a Cisco router. 129 00:12:03,550 --> 00:12:09,420 Now on the first effective interface I could give it another IP address so I could say IPV six trace 130 00:12:09,740 --> 00:12:11,350 and let's just be lazy. 131 00:12:11,850 --> 00:12:17,150 It's given an address of 2001 column called on one 64. 132 00:12:17,570 --> 00:12:21,150 And as you can see the rod has accepted that address on the right. 133 00:12:21,160 --> 00:12:23,160 I could not ping 2001. 134 00:12:23,320 --> 00:12:27,360 Carl On-Call on one and as you can see the thing succeeds. 135 00:12:27,610 --> 00:12:30,430 I could go back into the interface and give it an address as follows. 136 00:12:30,450 --> 00:12:38,060 IPV 6 address and it's a 2001 Carlon to Colon colon. 137 00:12:38,150 --> 00:12:40,970 Notice it gives you the option of link local address but we don't want to do that. 138 00:12:40,970 --> 00:12:43,640 Let's go for Slash 64. 139 00:12:43,940 --> 00:12:48,000 Notice please I haven't cooked a host portion on this address. 140 00:12:48,020 --> 00:12:55,560 Just specify the network portion and now what I can do is I can specify UI 64 and hit enter. 141 00:12:55,880 --> 00:12:59,450 So we are going to use the Mac address as part of that address. 142 00:12:59,480 --> 00:13:05,730 So now I can type the command show to run interface sera sera to show you the configuration. 143 00:13:05,830 --> 00:13:10,180 And as you can see there's no provision for address configured on this interface. 144 00:13:10,490 --> 00:13:16,430 There are only IP version 6 addresses and there are three IP version 6 addresses that we have manually 145 00:13:16,430 --> 00:13:17,610 configured. 146 00:13:17,750 --> 00:13:29,260 I couldn't up show interface 0 0 the MAC address of this interface is C 4 0 1 0 F E 8 followed by four 147 00:13:29,260 --> 00:13:30,090 zeros. 148 00:13:30,310 --> 00:13:38,020 So the Venda portion of this address is see 4 0 1 0 F and the unique portion is e-rate followed by four 149 00:13:38,020 --> 00:13:39,160 zeros. 150 00:13:39,160 --> 00:13:40,780 So just to display that nicely. 151 00:13:40,780 --> 00:13:46,350 I'm going to say show interface 0 0 Why include a set. 152 00:13:46,360 --> 00:13:49,570 Only shows that Mac address in the output. 153 00:13:49,570 --> 00:13:51,100 And there it is. 154 00:13:51,330 --> 00:14:00,960 And then I'm going to show IPB 6 interface 0 0 and only include the addresses that we configured and 155 00:14:00,960 --> 00:14:06,730 the other three IP addresses we can take it on the interface so noted here please. 156 00:14:06,900 --> 00:14:12,870 We'll start from the right inside the unique portion of the MAC address is 8 followed by four zeros. 157 00:14:12,870 --> 00:14:14,970 There it is in the IP address. 158 00:14:15,030 --> 00:14:17,470 Remember leading zeros can be dropped. 159 00:14:17,730 --> 00:14:27,050 So this zero represents those four zeros the eight is the right over there F F F E has been inserted 160 00:14:27,050 --> 00:14:36,560 in the address to make it 64 bucks and then notice the remaining portion is C 4 0 1 0 F which is represented 161 00:14:36,560 --> 00:14:43,880 here as C6 0 or 1 if once again leading zeros can be removed. 162 00:14:44,150 --> 00:14:46,700 Notice the zero in front of this f has been removed. 163 00:14:48,060 --> 00:14:59,050 See 4 0 1 has been converted to see 6 0 1 because the 7th but has been changed to a one to represent 164 00:14:59,050 --> 00:15:01,550 that this mac addresses globally unique. 165 00:15:01,860 --> 00:15:15,440 So notice a IP address is derived from the MAC address by using the UI representation of the MAC address.