1 00:00:09,270 --> 00:00:16,980 So six to four tunnels must use this address range 2002 colon colon slash 16 as I've mentioned this 2 00:00:16,980 --> 00:00:22,270 is a special address signed by the Ayana specifically for six to four tunnels. 3 00:00:22,320 --> 00:00:27,720 The advantage of this method is it allows for the establishment of automatic tunnels and it gives a 4 00:00:27,720 --> 00:00:31,310 prefix to the attached IP version 6 network. 5 00:00:31,530 --> 00:00:37,490 The occupation for address is converted to hexadecimal and added to this address. 6 00:00:38,340 --> 00:00:42,990 So 16 bits plus 32 bits gives you 48. 7 00:00:42,990 --> 00:00:51,480 So the subnets must have a mosque slash forty eight note this IP address 1 9 2 1 6 8 9 0 9 1 which is 8 00:00:51,480 --> 00:00:59,360 the IP address of roador ones interfaced connecting to this IP version 4 infrastructure 191 6 ex-city 9 00:00:59,370 --> 00:01:04,450 that one is the IP address of router 2 and acting to the IP version for infrastructure. 10 00:01:04,770 --> 00:01:13,010 Now using a Windows calculator one and two in decimal equals zero in hexadecimal. 11 00:01:14,590 --> 00:01:19,830 1 6 8 in decimal equals 8 in hexadecimal. 12 00:01:21,850 --> 00:01:31,680 In other words this portion of the address is the hexadecimal representation of this ip address this 13 00:01:31,680 --> 00:01:37,810 portion of this address is the hexadecimal representation of 191 except not one. 14 00:01:37,920 --> 00:01:45,570 So when traffic is sent from this mac book to this network router one knows that it needs to encapsulate 15 00:01:45,570 --> 00:01:55,980 that traffic and send it to 1 9 2 1 6 8 0 1 and vice versa when the server sends traffic to this MacBook 16 00:01:56,220 --> 00:01:57,680 on this network. 17 00:01:57,750 --> 00:02:03,840 It's going to send it to its default gateway router to router to knows that it needs to send that traffic 18 00:02:04,170 --> 00:02:11,100 to this IP address which is the IP address of router one because of the information contained in the 19 00:02:11,100 --> 00:02:19,350 IP version 6 address routed to encapsulate that IP version 6 traffic inside an IP version 4 tunnel and 20 00:02:19,350 --> 00:02:26,730 send it to Rotto one who will then deescalate it and send it as an IP version 6 packet to the MacBook 21 00:02:27,510 --> 00:02:33,570 intra site automatic tunnel addressing protocol is an automatic overlayed tunneling mechanism that once 22 00:02:33,570 --> 00:02:38,980 again uses IP version 4 as a linkage layer for IP version 6. 23 00:02:39,090 --> 00:02:43,790 These type of tunnels allow individual IP version 4 IP version 6. 24 00:02:43,890 --> 00:02:50,820 Joel Steck hosts with Inocybe to communicate with other hosts on a virtual link creating an IP version 25 00:02:50,820 --> 00:02:54,050 6 network using the IP version for infrastructure. 26 00:02:54,180 --> 00:03:01,770 It would allow a host for example to set up a dynamic IP version 6 tunnel to a Cisco router a cross 27 00:03:01,770 --> 00:03:08,960 an IP version for infrastructure to redo tunneling allows for host to host automatic tunneling instead 28 00:03:08,970 --> 00:03:10,500 of Gateway tunneling. 29 00:03:10,680 --> 00:03:18,600 It can be used to pass unique cost IPV 6 traffic when Joe Stack hosts are located behind one or multiple 30 00:03:18,630 --> 00:03:25,230 IP version 4 network address translators for this cause Don't worry too much about the technical details 31 00:03:25,230 --> 00:03:26,950 of these two tunneling methods. 32 00:03:27,390 --> 00:03:34,260 Just recognize that they are valid IP version 4 to IP version 6 transition mechanisms. 33 00:03:34,390 --> 00:03:38,500 Let's look at tunneling IP version 6 over IP version 4. 34 00:03:38,770 --> 00:03:47,740 So on when we are only going to run IP version for serial 00 we are going to get 10 1 to 1 on our one 35 00:03:47,960 --> 00:03:57,910 and an or two serial 00 we are only going to configure 10:01 to on one show run interface serial 00 36 00:03:58,990 --> 00:04:05,450 shows us that we still have IP version 6 configured so lets remove that 37 00:04:12,530 --> 00:04:21,670 do show run interface serial 0 0 shows us that the IP address is removed let's remove Ripp just to clean 38 00:04:21,670 --> 00:04:35,890 up the configfs. 39 00:04:35,980 --> 00:04:41,460 And as you can see all IP version 6 configuration has been removed from this interface. 40 00:04:41,540 --> 00:04:43,010 It's do the same on router to 41 00:04:49,650 --> 00:04:51,730 so interface 0 0 0. 42 00:04:51,740 --> 00:04:56,650 No IPV 6 address no IPV 6. 43 00:04:56,950 --> 00:04:57,280 Rick 44 00:05:00,340 --> 00:05:00,760 enable 45 00:05:05,050 --> 00:05:13,730 once again only Oggy version this interface so Beker out of one laptop show IPV six route. 46 00:05:14,210 --> 00:05:16,860 It'll only see the local Borat's. 47 00:05:17,080 --> 00:05:18,670 I will not be able to ping 48 00:05:23,320 --> 00:05:27,950 this remote network because there is no IP version 6 connectivity. 49 00:05:29,550 --> 00:05:38,550 From this router to this router so just to sum up show run interface if 00 shows us that we're not running 50 00:05:38,580 --> 00:05:41,520 IP version for on the first ethernet interface 51 00:05:45,310 --> 00:05:51,460 and we are not running IP version 6 on the serial interface of our one on our t. 52 00:05:54,140 --> 00:06:01,010 Shell run into base 0 0 shows us that we're not running our provision for on the first ethernet interface 53 00:06:04,550 --> 00:06:08,470 and we are not running IP version 6 on the serial interface. 54 00:06:08,570 --> 00:06:15,620 So let's set up a tunnel to allow connectivity between the IP version 6 networks. 55 00:06:15,620 --> 00:06:19,850 So to do that you have to create a tunnel interface some Somerset interface tunnel Zira. 56 00:06:20,090 --> 00:06:30,610 I'm going to be lazy now and just say IPV 6 address 2003 colon column 1 specify the tunnels source is 57 00:06:30,650 --> 00:06:41,740 10 to 1 2 to 1 the tunnel destination is going to be 10 dot 1.0 T which is this IP address on the serial 58 00:06:41,740 --> 00:06:53,610 in the face of arti the tunnel mode is going to be IP V-6 IP otherwise the default of GRV would be used 59 00:06:57,140 --> 00:06:59,320 in this case I'm going to specify static route 60 00:07:09,270 --> 00:07:17,700 so this route is available through tunnels 0 on router 1 on router 2 I can be something similar. 61 00:07:18,150 --> 00:07:23,850 So create a tunnel interface specify an IP version 6 address 62 00:07:29,150 --> 00:07:30,650 specify the tunnels source 63 00:07:33,510 --> 00:07:34,590 panel destination 64 00:07:37,690 --> 00:07:41,990 panel mode that is the various options. 65 00:07:42,050 --> 00:07:57,180 We're going to go for IPV 6 over IP encapsulation specify a steady grot. 66 00:07:57,200 --> 00:07:58,450 Now let's see if it works. 67 00:07:58,460 --> 00:08:07,320 So on Router one show IPV six route shows me that steady route through tunnels Zira. 68 00:08:07,670 --> 00:08:09,790 So let's ping 2001. 69 00:08:09,920 --> 00:08:14,230 Call on one call and one call and three call and call them 1. 70 00:08:14,480 --> 00:08:23,360 And as you can see it succeeds we do a trace. 71 00:08:23,380 --> 00:08:27,840 You can see it succeeds just to prove this to you again if I shut the tunnel down. 72 00:08:30,700 --> 00:08:40,910 That trying to ping ping will time out as you can see the use that again. 73 00:08:41,040 --> 00:08:51,600 So let's know shut the tunnel telling devices come up and say you got it's working because the tunnel 74 00:08:51,600 --> 00:08:56,260 is now up and functioning proxying and translation. 75 00:08:56,270 --> 00:09:02,900 In other words in net Peetie or network address translation protocol translation or for the translation 76 00:09:02,900 --> 00:09:06,230 of both IP addresses and protocols. 77 00:09:06,230 --> 00:09:11,810 In other words this host on the left hand side only communicate using IP version for the host on the 78 00:09:11,810 --> 00:09:15,650 right side only communicates using IP version 6. 79 00:09:15,650 --> 00:09:22,850 The router in the middle can act as a translator translating between IP version for an IP version 6 80 00:09:23,480 --> 00:09:24,820 and vice versa. 81 00:09:25,660 --> 00:09:27,810 I'm going to demonstrate this in a moment. 82 00:09:28,940 --> 00:09:36,560 So let's look at an example of configuring net P-T or net protocol translation Rotto one is only running 83 00:09:36,770 --> 00:09:45,620 IP version 6 router two is doing protocol translation between IP B-6 on its serial 00 interface an IP 84 00:09:45,620 --> 00:09:49,390 version 4 when it's Fosset Ethan it's 00 interface. 85 00:09:49,730 --> 00:09:57,570 Router 3 is only running IP version for on route one show IP interface brief. 86 00:09:57,740 --> 00:10:02,200 Shows you that there are no IP addresses configured on any interfaces. 87 00:10:02,210 --> 00:10:10,220 In other words there is no IP version 4 running on this router show IP V-6 interface grief shows you 88 00:10:10,220 --> 00:10:14,150 that we have this IP address configured on the serial 00 interface. 89 00:10:15,050 --> 00:10:24,330 On router 3 show IP interface brief shows me that I have I could raise 10:01 one to configure it on 90 00:10:24,340 --> 00:10:33,450 first Ethan it's 0 0 as per our diagram show IP V-6 interface brief shows me that I have no IP addresses 91 00:10:33,450 --> 00:10:34,900 configured on the router. 92 00:10:35,130 --> 00:10:37,940 So no IPV 6 in running on the router. 93 00:10:39,020 --> 00:10:47,640 On rockety show IP interface brief shows me that I have IP address 10 1 1 1 configured on the first 94 00:10:47,690 --> 00:10:57,040 Ethan an interface but no other IP addresses show IP V-6 interface brief shows me that I have this IP 95 00:10:57,040 --> 00:11:01,540 address configured on the serial interface as per our diagram. 96 00:11:01,810 --> 00:11:09,270 Now I've configured this command IPV six Knecht on the fast ethernet interface 97 00:11:12,310 --> 00:11:18,220 as well as on the serial interface again you can see the IP address on the first Ethan and interface's 98 00:11:18,220 --> 00:11:24,280 IP version for the IP address on the serial interface is IP version 6. 99 00:11:24,520 --> 00:11:26,180 I've also taught these commands. 100 00:11:28,880 --> 00:11:37,580 This command defines the IP V-6 prefix used as the net protocol translation prefix in the IP V-6 domain. 101 00:11:37,790 --> 00:11:42,300 The only prefix lenth supported is a slash 96. 102 00:11:42,590 --> 00:11:44,870 And they're not created static mappings. 103 00:11:45,080 --> 00:11:51,890 I'm telling the router that this IP address 10:01 one to which is the IP address of router 3 needs to 104 00:11:51,890 --> 00:11:55,340 be translated to this IP version 6 address. 105 00:11:55,370 --> 00:12:02,270 I'm also telling it that this IPV 6 address which is the IP address of Rodda one should be translated 106 00:12:02,570 --> 00:12:04,010 to this IP address. 107 00:12:04,070 --> 00:12:08,690 Notice 10 1 1 3 doesn't exist as an IP address on any device. 108 00:12:08,900 --> 00:12:15,860 Neither does this IP address in the first net statement we are translating IP version 4 to IP version 109 00:12:15,860 --> 00:12:16,780 6. 110 00:12:16,850 --> 00:12:25,290 So it's a valid IP version 4 address on router 3 configured to a fake IP address in the second net command 111 00:12:25,420 --> 00:12:28,670 we are doing IP V-6 to V for translation. 112 00:12:28,670 --> 00:12:36,800 So this is a real IP address configured on router 1 going to a fake IP address in the IP version 4 domain. 113 00:12:36,890 --> 00:12:38,940 But within the subnet. 114 00:12:38,960 --> 00:12:49,110 So now on router 1 I can pain the IP V-6 address associated with the IP version 4 address over out of 115 00:12:49,150 --> 00:12:50,860 three. 116 00:12:51,090 --> 00:12:54,760 And notice the ping succeeds on router 3. 117 00:12:54,930 --> 00:13:04,220 I can ping 10 dog wandered one two or three which is the IP version for address that represents router 118 00:13:04,270 --> 00:13:08,010 1 and notice the ping succeeds. 119 00:13:08,010 --> 00:13:16,810 To prove this let's type debug IP ICMP on Route 3 and then on router 1 do a ping to that address. 120 00:13:17,030 --> 00:13:25,680 And as you can see here router 3 is sending a reply from a source of 10 1 1 to its IP address to a destination 121 00:13:25,700 --> 00:13:35,050 of 10 1 1 3 the Nektar IP version 4 address for router one's IP B-6 address tapping the command show 122 00:13:35,050 --> 00:13:44,230 IP NAT translation shows no translations by tapping the come on show IP the six net translations shows 123 00:13:44,230 --> 00:13:52,580 me my net translations 10:01 one two is going to that address 10:01 three is going to that address those 124 00:13:52,580 --> 00:13:53,990 are sourced translations. 125 00:13:53,990 --> 00:14:01,860 Notice IPV for source to IP B-6 source but notice the source and destination options and thats what 126 00:14:01,860 --> 00:14:03,350 you are seeing over here. 127 00:14:04,600 --> 00:14:17,420 So that was an example of net translation lets do a debug debug IPV six net just enable all net obviously 128 00:14:17,420 --> 00:14:19,670 in the real world you need to be very careful doing that. 129 00:14:20,910 --> 00:14:24,550 And here's an example you can see IP version 6. 130 00:14:24,550 --> 00:14:32,970 NET translating ICMP with a source address which is IP version 6 to an IP version 4 source address going 131 00:14:32,970 --> 00:14:41,880 to a destination of 10 1 1 2 which is IP version for the IP V-6 equivalent that we created in net is 132 00:14:41,880 --> 00:14:53,910 that address by the same token paying to 10 1 1 3 and you can see the net translations taking place. 133 00:14:53,910 --> 00:15:01,500 So this is an example of static IP vision for the IP version 6 Network Address Translation protocol 134 00:15:01,500 --> 00:15:05,070 translation or net Peetie. 135 00:15:05,150 --> 00:15:12,560 So what we covered I explained the need for IP version 6 the 3rd of February 2011 was a major milestone 136 00:15:12,650 --> 00:15:17,880 in the history of the Internet with the exhaustion of an allocated IPV for dresses. 137 00:15:17,900 --> 00:15:21,310 We are now being forced to implement IP version 6. 138 00:15:21,310 --> 00:15:24,070 I explained the format of an IP version 6 address. 139 00:15:24,140 --> 00:15:27,080 We looked at methods of assigning an IP address. 140 00:15:27,140 --> 00:15:32,730 We spoke about the updated writing protocols which are used in IP version 6 environments including rip 141 00:15:32,780 --> 00:15:35,670 in G and OSPF version 3. 142 00:15:35,780 --> 00:15:41,830 We spoke about various implementation strategies such as tunneling jewelled Stex net. 143 00:15:42,190 --> 00:15:47,510 I will spend some time demonstrating the functionality of IPV six networks including the configuration 144 00:15:47,510 --> 00:15:49,120 of Ripp in G. 145 00:15:49,160 --> 00:15:49,940 Thank you for watching.