WEBVTT 00:00.390 --> 00:03.390 Hello welcome to this tutorial. 00:03.480 --> 00:16.810 Today we are going to talk about articles a an end the let's get started articles are words that define 00:16.990 --> 00:24.140 a noun as specific or unspecific now in the English language. 00:24.170 --> 00:27.290 There are two types of articles. 00:27.350 --> 00:32.120 One is indefinite a or an. 00:32.380 --> 00:45.070 And the other is definite the let's have a look at the example of we here unnerves the hospital. 00:45.100 --> 00:48.570 I'm working in is huge. 00:48.790 --> 01:02.150 Now the article A defines the noun nurse which is unspecific in the article The defines the noun Hospital 01:02.570 --> 01:04.880 which is specific 01:10.850 --> 01:22.340 the indefinite article takes two forms a or an now use the indefinite article a when it precedes a word 01:22.670 --> 01:28.890 that begins with a consonant and use the indefinite article. 01:28.890 --> 01:39.500 And when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel let's have a look at the following examples. 01:39.890 --> 01:44.690 Table an umbrella. 01:44.880 --> 01:51.540 University an honest person. 01:51.670 --> 02:00.940 Note that the indefinite article a indicates that a noun refers to a general idea rather than a particular 02:00.940 --> 02:02.970 thing. 02:03.070 --> 02:03.820 Have a look. 02:03.820 --> 02:05.850 The following sentence. 02:06.100 --> 02:08.590 What does a fox say. 02:09.950 --> 02:16.160 The article A defines the noun Fox which is general 02:19.410 --> 02:29.030 and we use an OR A when the listener does not know which person or thing we are talking about. 02:31.900 --> 02:32.660 Have a look. 02:32.780 --> 02:38.690 The following example Helen's brother works in a factory. 02:38.690 --> 02:49.750 I don't know which factory exactly a defines the noun Factory factory is unknown 02:53.100 --> 03:00.240 and if we refer to something for the first time it will be new information for the listener. 03:00.420 --> 03:08.940 And so we use a or an and when referring to the same thing again. 03:09.070 --> 03:17.500 Make sure to use the because now the listener knows what we are talking about. 03:17.520 --> 03:20.390 Have a look at the following sentence. 03:20.640 --> 03:24.180 I bought a new computer. 03:24.180 --> 03:25.910 It's really great. 03:26.930 --> 03:31.810 The computer is much better than the previous one. 03:33.590 --> 03:34.800 NEW COMPUTER. 03:35.090 --> 03:36.260 THE COMPUTER. 03:39.450 --> 03:46.110 Note that the definite article is the word czar and its limits. 03:46.110 --> 03:56.590 The meaning of a noun to one particular thing we use thar when it is clear which thing or person you 03:56.660 --> 04:05.110 are talking about let's have a look at the sentence below the cake is in the fridge. 04:05.180 --> 04:17.350 I know that Kate made it the listener knows where the cake is and who made it so we use the article. 04:17.460 --> 04:29.550 The note that we also use a definite article the with a nationalities and other groups for example the 04:29.550 --> 04:43.080 French the Italian the old the poor be with time for example in the past in the future but at present 04:44.780 --> 04:52.140 see with superlatives for example you are the first one. 04:53.600 --> 05:08.250 These musical instruments I played the piano as a kid e with countries which are a group or plural for 05:08.250 --> 05:21.830 example the U.S. the UK the United Arab Emirates the Netherlands F names of ships we sailed on the Claudia 05:23.430 --> 05:35.300 G oceans the Pacific the Atlantic et rivers the Amazon the Nile. 05:35.540 --> 05:43.280 Note that we use zero article with plural and uncountable nouns. 05:43.340 --> 05:46.510 When we are generally talking about something. 05:46.730 --> 05:56.520 Have a look at the examples below dogs are not allowed in that shop in this sentence. 05:56.680 --> 05:59.610 We are talking about dogs in general 06:02.720 --> 06:08.090 and in this sentence the dogs next door were barking at night. 06:08.090 --> 06:14.090 We are talking about the particular dogs the dogs next door.